英語四六級真題試卷電子版（精選15套）

　　在日復(fù)一日的學(xué)習(xí)、工作生活中，我們都要用到試卷，試卷是是資格考試中用以檢驗(yàn)考生有關(guān)知識能力而進(jìn)行人才篩選的工具。你知道什么樣的試卷才是規(guī)范的嗎？以下是小編為大家收集的英語四六級真題試卷電子版，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 1

　　選詞填空

　　文章開頭A team of researchers led by

　　Priyanka...

　　26-35 OBCAD MNIFE

　　26.0)ultimate

　　27.B)attaining

　　30.D)difficultark

　　28.C)conclusion

　　29.A)approximately

　　30.D)difficult

　　31.M)significantly

　　32.N)source

　　33.I)manipulated

　　34.F)fixed

　　35.E)emerges

　　文章標(biāo)題 How to better work towards long-term goals

　　答案速查36-40 ICMFA

　　36.Our brains are genetically determined tosatisfyimmediate desires.

　　【1】定位：Our brains are hard-wired for instantgratification.

　　37.Taken in a practical way,saving for post-workyears is likegiving money away to others.

　　【C】定位：Understand inthat way,saving forretirementisthe equivalent of giving money awayto someone elseentirely.

　　38.Research found that,as regards achievementof onesgoals,it is important to focus more onenjoyingthe processthan the long-term benefits.

　　【M】定位：These findings suggest that whedit話comes toachieving your goals,enjoving theprocess itself is moreimportant than wanting thelong-term benefits.

　　39.Regarding our future selves as still beingourselves willhelp us makě better long-termdecisions.

　　【F】定位：If the central problem..,it follows thattrying toidentify more closelywith our future語selves will encourageus to make better long-termdecisions.

　　40.Savings rates in America have dropped inrecent decadeseven though peoples lifeexpectancy has increased.

　　【A】定位：Across the board,people are livinglonger...Andyet,saving rates in the U.S.have gonedown in recent decade,not up.

　　文章標(biāo)題How to better work towards long-term goals

　　答案速查41-45 KELBG

　　41.Researchers found that enjoyment rather thanimportance enabled peoplé to persist in theirgoals.

　　【K】定位：We found that enjoyment predictedpeople’sgoal persistence two months aftersetting the goal far morethan how important theyratedtheir goalto be,Woolley said.

　　42.When making decisions,we give priorityto ourcurrentframe of mind without thinking much ofthe consequences.

　　【E】定位：…but in daing so,we prioritize ourcurrent moodover the consequences of our火央inaction forthfuture slf.

　　43.People ate more of a healthyfood when theyfocused onits good taste instead of its long-termbenefits.

　　【L】定位：For example,people ate 50%more of ahealthyfood when directed to focus on the goodtaste rather thanthe long-termhealth benefits.

　　44.As was expected,when people thought of theirpresentselves,their brains were observed tobecome more active.

　　【B】定位：Unsurprisingly,people’s brains weremost activewhen thinking about their currentselves and...

　　45.Researchers found thatparticipants who sawtheimagesof their aged selves would save morefor their later years thanthose who didnt.

　　【G】定位：Participants who saw their aged selvessaid theywould save 30%moreof their salary fordretirement than thecontrol group.

　　Passage One文章開頭 People often wonder why some entrepreneurs..

　　答案46-50 BADCB

　　46.What does the authorsay we need to do tostrengthen ourwillpower?

　　B)Applyit continuously.

　　47.How arealmost halfof our daily actionsperformedaccording to the passage?

　　A)Out of habit.

　　48.What will help peoplestick to doingsomethingconstructive automatically?

　　D)Foreseeing the desiredoutcome it will yield.

　　49.How does the artof self-control help ussucceed?

　　C)Byenabling us to take positive actions.

　　50.Why can it be difficult for us to maintain self-control?

　　B)We may not get immediate rewardfrom self-control.

　　Passage Tow

　　文章開頭 Today,most scientific research is funded bygovernment

　　答案51-55 DBACC

　　51.What does the passage mainly discussregarding scientificresearch?

　　D)Its funding.

　　52.Whatdo we learnfrom the passage aboutresearchers like

　　birdwatchers and rock collectors?

　　B)They can do research with limited resources.

　　53.Whatwould scientific studies look like in aperfect worldaccording to the author?

　　A)They would be totally unbiased.

　　54.What does the authorsay aboutcompaniesand specialinterest groups?

　　C)They provide valuable resources for scientificresearch.

　　55.What does the author think of research fundedbyindustry or specialinterest group?

　　C)It’s validity should be checked with additional care.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 2

　　作文3

　　教育的目標(biāo)

　　Education has played an increasingly crucial role in modern so-ciety. We aim education on different levels at cultivating the to-be successors of our global village. One important goal that education is trying to achieve is help students master the ways to acquire knowledge.

　　Of all the capabilities one can develop to acquire knowledge in being educated, three sorts are of the greatest significance.First of all, students who are receiving education definitely know that they are always ignorant of some branches in th eocean of knowledge, which can keep them modest and more willing to explore their unfamiliar realms, even deeper if theyve already done so. Moreover, students can imitate what their teachers or professors do in or our of class and then gradually acquire the ability to undertake more scientific re-search and intellectual inquiries alone. Last but not least,youngsters who are accustomed to being educated at school or college are more likely to keep studying as a life-long habit,which will have a substantially positive effect on their own life and the future of the human world.

　　In my perspective, education is one of the most marvelous social inventions that ever existed in human history. Without it, the whole globe can never continue developing further in a civilized and prosperous direction.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 3

　　六級翻譯1

　　扇子

　　Fans have enjoyed great popularity among Chinese sinceancient times.However,now they are regarded less as toolsof relievingheat andkeeping cool but more as art works forpeople to appreciate.Many fans feature graceful design andfine workmanship as well as exquisite pictures of landscape,flowers,birdsand figures,with superb artistic value.Manyfamous Chinese painters and calligraphers prefer to havepoems or paintings on the fans to demonstrate their artistictaste.Fans are often given to others as gifts to express ourgood wishes and sincere feelings.Nowadays,the practicalfunctions of fans have considerable decreased,but theystillplay a significant role in traditional Chinese culture as a cul-tural symbol and artistic form.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 4

　　作文3

　　教育的目標(biāo)

　　Education has played an increasingly crucial role in modern so-ciety. We aim education on different levels at cultivating the to-be successors of our global village. One important goal that education is trying to achieve is help students master the ways to acquire knowledge.

　　Of all the capabilities one can develop to acquire knowledge in being educated, three sorts are of the greatest significance.First of all, students who are receiving education definitely know that they are always ignorant of some branches in th eocean of knowledge, which can keep them modest and more willing to explore their unfamiliar realms, even deeper if theyve already done so. Moreover, students can imitate what their teachers or professors do in or our of class and then gradually acquire the ability to undertake more scientific re-search and intellectual inquiries alone. Last but not least,youngsters who are accustomed to being educated at school or college are more likely to keep studying as a life-long habit,which will have a substantially positive effect on their own life and the future of the human world.

　　In my perspective, education is one of the most marvelous social inventions that ever existed in human history. Without it, the whole globe can never continue developing further in a civilized and prosperous direction.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 5

　　作文2

　　友好的討論

　　When faced with differing opinions, we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion and reasonable argu-ment. In our daily life, it is common to see college students struggling with a polite and logical way when their views differ from others. Apparently, this issue has sparked public con-cerns.

　　Friendly discussion allows individuals to share their perspec-tives and opinions in a respectful manner. This can lead to a better understanding of each others viewpoints and poten-tially even finding common ground. In addition, reasonable ar-gument allows individuals to present evidence and logic to sup-port their position, which can help persuade others to see their point of view. However, it is important to note that not all disagreements can be resolved through discussion and argu-ment alone. In some cases, compromise may be necessary to reach a resolution that satisfies all parties involved.

　　To sum up, friendly discussion and reasonable argument, to a large extent, are of great use. We should be open-minded and engaged in such practices.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 6

　　作文1

　　心理健康

　　Mental well-being is regarded as a state of health where a person is able to address normal stresses in daily life. Recently,this state has been grasped as much attention as physical health.

　　Obviously, there are several factors that affect peoples mental well-being. Firstly, a strong contributor to mental well-being refers to the state of a persons usual environ-ment. Adverse environmental circumstances can lea negative effects on psychological wellness. Living in a positive social environment, in contrast, can provide protection against mental challenges. Secondly, peoples lifestyle can also impact their mental health. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol con-sumption, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol consump-tion, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Worse, such behaviors have been linked to depression.

　　In conclusion, because mental health is so important to general wellness, its important that you take care of your mental health. Talking therapy, meditation and maintaining a positive outlook on life all contribute to people mental health. With a positive mental state, all areas of life will go towards active de-velopment.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 7

　　作文3

　　教育的目標(biāo)

　　Education has played an increasingly crucial role in modern so-ciety. We aim education on different levels at cultivating the to-be successors of our global village. One important goal that education is trying to achieve is help students master the ways to acquire knowledge.

　　Of all the capabilities one can develop to acquire knowledge in being educated, three sorts are of the greatest significance.First of all, students who are receiving education definitely know that they are always ignorant of some branches in th eocean of knowledge, which can keep them modest and more willing to explore their unfamiliar realms, even deeper if theyve already done so. Moreover, students can imitate what their teachers or professors do in or our of class and then gradually acquire the ability to undertake more scientific re-search and intellectual inquiries alone. Last but not least,youngsters who are accustomed to being educated at school or college are more likely to keep studying as a life-long habit,which will have a substantially positive effect on their own life and the future of the human world.

　　In my perspective, education is one of the most marvelous social inventions that ever existed in human history. Without it, the whole globe can never continue developing further in a civilized and prosperous direction.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 8

　　00:00:00 說話者1:

　　College english test，band four，part two，listening comprehension，section a directions。In this section，you will hear three news reports。At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ab c and d then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet one with a single line through the center。

　　00:00:39 說話者2:

　　News report one。How you noticed how similar you are to your friends。It may be because your brains operate in harmony with each other。We know that friends are more likely to be the same age，gender and ethnic background as each other。Now it seems that brains are alike too。Researchers at the university of california scanned the brains of 42 classmates while they watched videos intended to provoke varying responses。Some people might find a romantic scene touching，for instance，while others would feel it was embarrassing，the activity of friends，brains was more similar than that of people who didnt know each other，particularly in regions involved in attention，emotion and language。This similarity was strong enough used to predict whether two people were already friends or not。The relationship probably goes two ways。We are drawn to people who think like us。We then influence their thoughts over time which may push their brain activity into more closely resembling our own questions。

　　00:01:58 說話者1:

　　One and two are based on the news report。You have just heard question one，what may be the reason that friends are similar to each other？According to the recent research？

　　00:02:25 說話者1:

　　Question two，what does the news report say about the relationship between friends？News report two，two men who have been best friends for 60 years have just realized they are actually brothers。Its reported that alan robinson and walter mcdonald met in the 6th grade at a school in hawaii。They have been best friends ever since。Allen was given away for adoption soon after he was born。And walter never knew his father。So recently they made separate attempts on dna matching websites to discover more about their ancestry。Walter was astonished to find that he matched with website user robbie 737。He knew immediately that this was his best friend alan whose friends call him robbie and flew 7:00 30 7:00 airplanes when he was a pilot。The pair were born to the same mother15 months apart。

　　00:03:44 說話者2:

　　Questions，three and four are based on the news report。You have just heard。Question three，what did both alan robinson and walter mcdonald attempt to do on dna matching websites？

　　00:04:14 說話者2:

　　Question four，what did the news report say about alan robinson and walter mcdonald？

　　00:04:36 說話者2:

　　News reports three，amid all the election drama，air pollution problems and disease outbreaks。Five tourists good work is being spread online。Yesterday two male and three female tourists were spotted walking the kilometer long beach，picking up trash。One of the male tourists from australia comments said that although there was a lot of trash，nobody was doing anything。Beach was not as nice or beautiful as it should be。He felt so sad to see such a gorgeous place littered with so much trash。Thus he and his friends decided to grab a few trash bags and clean it all up。A man passing by decided to video their good deed and put it on the internet。It was unclear where the rest of the group was from。They were most likely traveling together。One local woman commented on being embarrassed that tourists were cleaning up their beach。Another mentioned that it was actually the natives who brought food and drinks then left trash all along the island。

　　00:05:42 說話者1:

　　Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard。Question five，why did one of the male tourists feel sad？Question six，who put the good deed video on the internet？

　　00:06:26 說話者1:

　　Question seven，why did one local woman say she was embarrassed？Section b directions。In this section，you will hear two long conversations。At the end of each conversation，you will hear four questions，both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once。After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ab c and d then mark the corresponding letter on answer，sheet one with a single line through the center。

　　00:07:20 說話者2:

　　Conversation one。Hello。

　　00:07:22 說話者1:

　　benjamin，dan and I will be going for a run along the canal saturday morning。Would you like to join us？

　　00:07:29 說話者2:

　　Id love to，but I hurt my ankle last weekend playing football with work colleagues。

　　00:07:34 說話者1:

　　Dear，is it serious？

　　00:07:36 說話者2:

　　No not at all。I landed badly during a fall and twisted it a little but its no big deal。Its just a little swollen and I should be fine for next saturday if you still want to go for a jog then。

　　00:07:48 說話者1:

　　I wont be here next saturday im going to the zoo。

　　00:07:52 說話者2:

　　00:07:53 說話者1:

　　My little nephew turns six and he loves the zoo，so the whole family is going。

　　00:07:58 說話者2:

　　Then I havent been to a zoo since I was a kid。

　　00:08:03 說話者1:

　　They are nowhere near as popular as they used to be when we were children。I personally feel sorry for the poor animals stuck in cages，but theres no denying they are fun and educational for children。

　　00:08:16 說話者2:

　　Do you know if dan will be around next saturday？

　　00:08:19 說話者1:

　　Yeah，I think he will just send him a text message。Hes always keen on physical activities。Thats true。

　　00:08:27 說話者2:

　　Dan is extremely fit and healthy。He goes to the gym most days plus tennis 2 or 3 times a week。

　　00:08:34 說話者1:

　　What have you been doing to stay busy while youve had that swollen ankle？

　　00:08:39 說話者2:

　　Ive been catching up on some reading。I was given three books over christmas and im only now getting round to reading them。

　　00:08:47 說話者1:

　　Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard。Question eight，why cant the man go for a run saturday morning？Question nine，why is the womans whole family going to the zoo next saturday？Question ten，what do we learn about dan from the mans description？Question 11，what has the man been doing since last weekend？

　　00:10:12 說話者2:

　　Conversation two。

　　00:10:14 說話者1:

　　our guest on todays book talk is john black，the author of the new best seller retire early。

　　00:10:22 說話者2:

　　Thanks for having me on the show，lisa。

　　00:10:25 說話者1:

　　john，your book is getting a lot of attention，partly because you write that most people can retire by 40。Is that realistic？Definitely。

　　00:10:35 說話者2:

　　When researching this book，I interviewed hundreds of people who retired by 40。

　　00:10:41 說話者1:

　　okay，but how much money does a person need to retire？Ive read articles recommending $1 million as a good figure for retirement。

　　00:10:51 說話者2:

　　While most financial planners do give numbers，I dont think thats useful as people are living in different areas with different costs of living and have different needs and wants，which is why I suggest that people aim for financial independence。

　　00:11:05 說話者1:

　　What do you mean by financial independence？

　　00:11:09 說話者2:

　　Having investment income thats greater than monthly expenses？

　　00:11:12 說話者1:

　　That sounds risky to me。What if an accident happens or you get ill and need medical treatment？Shouldnt people have extra cash for emergencies？

　　00:11:24 說話者2:

　　Too many people spend their lives working on jobs they hate because theyre afraid。So I counsel people to take risks。Retirement doesnt have to be permanent and if people need to they can go back to work。

　　00:11:38 說話者1:

　　But its not always easy to get back into the workforce after an extended absence。

　　00:11:43 說話者2:

　　True，but if you keep current with your skills，you will be attracted to employers。Maybe。

　　00:11:49 說話者1:

　　But how can anyone save enough to retire by 40 when most people cant retire at 60。

　　00:11:55 說話者2:

　　simple by cutting housing food and transport expenses and investing half your monthly income？

　　00:12:01 說話者1:

　　That sounds impossible。

　　00:12:04 說話者2:

　　I admit its difficult，but it has worked for thousands。

　　00:12:08 說話者1:

　　Questions？12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard。Question 12，what do we learn about the mans book published recently？Question 13，what do the articles the woman read recommend？Question 14，what does the man say about retirement？Question 15，how does the man say his proposal about retirement can be carried out。

　　00:13:20 說話者2:

　　section c directions。In this section you will hear three passages，end of each passage，you will hear three or four questions，both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked abc and d then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet one with a single line through the center。

　　00:14:05 說話者1:

　　Passage one，new research from america studies the role that the presence of individuals from different social or racial groups has in influencing consumers，food choices。This research found college students were more likely to choose healthy food in the presence of an observer of a different race as opposed to an observer from their own race。The same was true when they were with someone from a different university compared to someone from their own。Researchers say this was because participants anticipated more negative judgment from an outsider group。In contrast，they felt less judged by members of their own group。In one experiment，participants were offered the choice between candy and fruit as a snack when in the presence of an unknown student from their own university，only 12% of students selected the healthier option。However，this number was 31% when in the presence of an unknown student from another university，other experiments showed similar results based on racial group。Whats the reason for this pattern？The study found that people feel judged to a larger extent by members of other groups。Because of this，they strategically use healthy food choices to make a positive impression。There have been many attempts to help consumers make healthier choices，but consumers often struggle to maintain a healthy diet。This research finds that one way to promote a healthy diet could be to advertise the social benefits of healthy choices。

　　00:15:52 說話者2:

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 16，what was the finding of the new research from america about consumers，food choices？Question 17，when did 31% of students in the experiment select the healthier option？Question 18，how could a healthy diet be promoted according to the findings of the new research？Passage two？For college students under pressure，a dog may be the best stress fighter around according to the finding of a recent study。Its a really powerful finding said patricia henry who led the study。Universities are doing a lot of great work trying to help students succeed academically，especially those who may be at risk due to a history of mental health issues or academic and learning issues。This study shows that traditional stress management approaches answers effective for this population compared with programs that focus on providing opportunities to interact with therapy dogs。The researchers measured executive functioning in the students involved in the study。Executive function is a term for the skills one needs to plan，organize，motivate，concentrate and memorize。These are skills students need to succeed in college。The research has found that students who were most at risk had the most improvements in executive functioning after interacting with therapy dogs。These results remained when researchers followed up 6 weeks later。Many universities provide academic stress management programs and workshops。These are traditionally very similar to college classes。They often talk about ways to get more sleep set goals or manage stress or anxiety。Pendry acknowledges these are really important topics and these workshops help typical students succeed，but they are less helpful for struggling students。Henry believes those students may experience the programs as another lecture，feel even more stressed。

　　00:18:58 說話者1:

　　Questions，19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 19。What does the recent study led by patricia pendry？Aim to examine question 20。What did the new study measure in the participants？Question 21。What does patricia hendrick think traditional stress management programs may do？

　　00:20:09 說話者1:

　　Passage three，taking risks in business does not mean going into business blindly and then expecting great results。On the contrary，taking risks in entrepreneurship involves careful planning and hard work。Nobody can really be sure if risks will be met with success，no matter how calculated they may be。But this should not stop you from taking risks as risks are necessary if you want your business to succeed，some risks may not work out，but an optimistic risk taker will always look at failure as an opportunity to learn.The willingness to experiment with new ideas is key to business growth。As the old saying goes，nothing ventured，nothing gained。Failure will teach you how to think and plan strategically，but just remember that not all risks are good ones。And when you fail，learn from it and move forward。Since most people tend to avoid risk，businesses that are brave enough to take risks，already have a competitive advantage。They are the ones setting the standard with new ideas，fresh offers and bold inventions。Risk takers are best at adapting in difficult times，simply put when most individuals stay away from risk。It means less competition for risk takers。We dont know if youll achieve what these risk takers have achieved。But for as long as you want to stay safe， for as long as you are content with where your business is right now，you will never find out。

　　00:21:57 說話者2:

　　questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard。Question 22。What do entrepreneurs have to do when taking risks according to the passage？Question 23。What does the passage say is key to business growth？Question 24。What are we advised to do when we fail？Question 25。What does it mean to risk taking businesses when most people tend to avoid risk？

　　00:23:28 說話者1:

　　Thats the end of listening comprehension。

　　00:23:31 說話者2:

　　聽力考試結(jié)束，請考生暫停作答。

　　聽力2套答案

　　1.C Their brains work in harmony.

　　2.A lt can work both ways.

　　3.D Find out more about their ancestry.

　　4.B They were born to the same mother.

　　5.B The beautiful beach was spoiled with lots of trash.

　　6.C A passerby.

　　7.A lt was tourists not natives who were cleaning up the beach.

　　8.D He is physically unfit for it.

　　9.D To give her little nephew a treat.

　　10.D He spends most of his time in the gym.

　　11.B Concentrating on reading.

　　12.B It is attracting many peoples attention.

　　13.C One should have one million dollars to retire.

　　14.A It doesnt need to be permanent.

　　15.D By investing half of ones monthly income.

　　16.C They were influenced by the presence of someone from an outsider group.

　　17.A When an unknown student from another universitywas present.

　　18.B By advertising its social benefits.

　　19.D The effect of interacting with therapy dogs on students under pressure.

　　20.A Their executive functioning.

　　21.B Add to some studentsstress

　　22.A Work hard and plan carefully.

　　23.D Being willing to experiment with novel ideas.

　　24.B Learn from our failure and forge ahead.

　　25.D Less competition.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 9

　　翻譯2

　　近年來，越來越多的中國文化產(chǎn)品的走向全球市場，日益受到海外消費(fèi)者的`青睞。隨著中國對外文化貿(mào)易的快速發(fā)展，中國文化產(chǎn)品出口額已持續(xù)多年位居世界前列，形成了一批具有國際影響力的文化企業(yè)產(chǎn)品的和品牌。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國的出版物、影視作品、網(wǎng)絡(luò)文學(xué)與動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)品等在國外的銷售量連年攀升。中國政府出臺了一系列政策鼓勵(lì)和支持更多具有中國元素的優(yōu)秀文化產(chǎn)品的走出國門，擴(kuò)大海外市場份額，進(jìn)一步提升中國文化的世界影響力。

　　In recent years, more and more Chinese culture products have appeared on the global market and gradually gained the favour of overseas consumers. With the rapid develop-ment of foreign culture trade, the export volume of Chinese culture products has been ranking high in the world for many years in a row, contributing to the establishment of a series of Chinese culture products and brands with interna-tional influence. Statistics show that the sales volume of theChinese publications, films and TV programmes, internet lit-erature and cartoon products has been on the rise for years.The Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to support and encourage more outstanding culture prod-ucts with Chinese elements to go abroad and expand the oversea market shares to further raise the global influenceof Chinese cultures.

　　作文2

　　友好的討論

　　When faced with differing opinions, we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion and reasonable argu-ment. In our daily life, it is common to see college students struggling with a polite and logical way when their views differ from others. Apparently, this issue has sparked public con-cerns.

　　Friendly discussion allows individuals to share their perspec-tives and opinions in a respectful manner. This can lead to a better understanding of each others viewpoints and poten-tially even finding common ground. In addition, reasonable ar-gument allows individuals to present evidence and logic to sup-port their position, which can help persuade others to see their point of view. However, it is important to note that not all disagreements can be resolved through discussion and argu-ment alone. In some cases, compromise may be necessary to reach a resolution that satisfies all parties involved.

　　To sum up, friendly discussion and reasonable argument, to a large extent, are of great use. We should be open-minded and engaged in such practices.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 10

　　2024年6月英語四級作文1

　　假設(shè)你的大學(xué)正在就大學(xué)圖書館是否應(yīng)該向公眾開放征求學(xué)生的意見

　　In the modern era,there is aheated debate regarding whether theuniversitys library should be open to the public.Some believe thatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it wilpose a threat to the order and operation of the university.In myview,the university authorities shouldbe cautious about offeringthe outsiders an access to such an important venue,

　　Above all,the library,serving as a critical academic facility as well asan indispensable researchsite for both students and teachers,issupposed to keep those limited valuable resourcesto its authorizedusers.If the university choosesto open the library to the public,it ishighly possible that a mass of people will rush into this place,leavingmany college students and teachersunable to complete their aca-demic work.Furthermore,when too many citizens crowd into thelibrary,there will be unnecessary talking,laughing,quarreling oreven chasing,incurring disorder of one kind oranother.

　　In conclusion,the merits of such a practice outweigh the demerits.Therefore,opening the universitys library tothe public must neverbe put on the universitys agenda.

　　2024年6月英語四級作文2

　　假設(shè)你的大學(xué)正在就大學(xué)食堂是否應(yīng)該向公眾開放征求學(xué)生的`意見

　　In the modern era,there is a heated debate regarding whether theuniversitys canteens should be open to the public.Some believethatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it willpose a threat to theorder and operationof the university.In myview,the university should recognize that this has both pros andcons.

　　Lets start with the advantages.First,it allowsthe public to enjoy thediverse and delicious food offered by university canteens.This canenhance the reputation of the university and foster a stronger rela-tionship between the university and thelocal community.Second,itcan also generate additional revenue for the university,which canbe used to improve the facilities and services provided tostudents.However,there are also potential drawbacks to consider.For in-stance,the increased number of people using the canteen may leadto overcrowding and longer waiting times for students during peakhours.Additionally,the public may have different preferences anddietary requirements compared to students,which could affect themenu options available and potentially increase costs.

　　In conclusion,the university should weigh the merits and demeritsso that itcan provide the best possible experiencefor both studentsand membersof the public.

　　2024年6月英語四級作文3

　　假設(shè)你的大學(xué)正在就大學(xué)體育設(shè)施是否應(yīng)該向公眾開放征求學(xué)生的意見

　　After the epidemic,there is a heated debate regarding whether uni-versity sports facilities should be open to the public.Some believethat itwill bringthe society much benefits,while others argue that itwill pose a threat to the security of college students.In my view,weneed to recognize that opening sports facilities to the public hasmore pros than cons.

　　First,it has dramatically improved the health level of the whole soci-ety.People can exercise on the playground to invigorate health ef-fectively,reduce the risk of heart disease,and lower the odds ofobesity,which not only prolong peoples life but also curtail thewholeexpenditure of healthcare.Second,making university sportsfacilities available to the public contributes to the cost-cutting of thegovernment.If thecampus sports facilities are not open to thepublic,government willalso build them elsewhere,which is boundto increase its budget pressure.In the mean time,the utilization ofsports facilities in schools will also be reduced if the public cannotaccess to them,resulting wasting of resources.

　　In conclusion,although too many “non-students”might cause se-curity problem toward the university,this can be overcome by strict-er regulation,while allowing people to use sports facilities in thecampus will undoubtedly bring agreat deal of benefits to the wholesociety.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 11

　　作文1

　　心理健康

　　Mental well-being is regarded as a state of health where a person is able to address normal stresses in daily life. Recently,this state has been grasped as much attention as physical health.

　　Obviously, there are several factors that affect peoples mental well-being. Firstly, a strong contributor to mental well-being refers to the state of a persons usual environ-ment. Adverse environmental circumstances can lea negative effects on psychological wellness. Living in a positive social environment, in contrast, can provide protection against mental challenges. Secondly, peoples lifestyle can also impact their mental health. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol con-sumption, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Smoking, a poor diet, alcohol consump-tion, substance use, and risky sexual behavior may result in psychological harm. Worse, such behaviors have been linked to depression.

　　In conclusion, because mental health is so important to general wellness, its important that you take care of your mental health. Talking therapy, meditation and maintaining a positive outlook on life all contribute to people mental health. With a positive mental state, all areas of life will go towards active de-velopment.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 12

　　Part I Writing (30minutes)

　　注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上。

　　Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

　　Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

　　That’s enough, kids

　　It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

　　“I’d watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he’d shoved,” she says.” I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, ’No, we don’t push,” What happened next was unexpected.

　　“The boy’s mother ran toward me from across the park,” Stella says,” I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?”

　　Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people’s children has become a minefield.

　　In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister’s house it’s encouraged. For her, it’s about kids being kids:”If you can’t do it at three, when can you do it?”

　　Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt’s house. But I find myself saying “no” a lot when her kids are over at mine. That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

　　“Kids aren’t all raised the same,” agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University.” But there is still an idea that they’re the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you’re saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that’s somehow a criticism of me.”

　　In those circumstances, it’s difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

　　“I’d go to the child first,” says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that ’we don’t do that here’ is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直覺) for how to behave in different settings.”

　　He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

　　This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they’re there and ask them to deal with it,” she says.

　　Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers:”Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: ’I know you’ll think I’m silly but in my house I don’t want…’”

　　When it comes to situations where you’re caring for another child, white is straightforward: “common sense must prevail. If things don’t go well, then have a chat.”

　　There’re a couple of new grey areas. Physical punishment, once accepted from any adult, is no longer appropriate. “A new set of considerations has come to the fore as part of the debate about how we handle children.”

　　For Andrew Fuller, the child-centric nature of our society has affected everyone:” The rules are different now from when today’s parents were growing up,” he says, “Adults are scared of saying: ’don’t swear’, or asking a child to stand up on a bus. They’re worried that there will be conflict if they point these things out – either from older children, or their parents.”

　　He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good and public courtesy (禮貌), and says that adults suffer form it as much as child.

　　Meredith Fuller agrees: “A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.”

　　“it’s about what I’m doing and what I need,” Andrew Fuller says. ”the days when a kid came home from school and said, “I got into trouble”. And dad said, ‘you probably deserved it’. Are over. Now the parents are charging up to the school to have a go at teachers.”

　　This jumping to our children’s defense is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. You know that if you remonstrate(勸誡) with the child, you’re going to have to deal with the parent. it’s admirable to be protective of our kids, but is it good?

　　“Children have to learn to negotiate the world on their own, within reasonable boundaries,” White says. “I suspect that it’s only certain sectors of the population doing the running to the school –better –educated parents are probably more likely to be too involved.”

　　White believes our notions of a more child-centred, it’s a way of talking about treating our children like commodities(商品). We’re centred on them but in ways that reflect positively on us. We treat them as objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of, rather than serve the best interests of the children.”

　　One way over-worked, under-resourced parents show commitment to their children is to leap to their defence. Back at the park, Bianchi’s intervention(干預(yù)) on her son’s behalf ended in an undignified exchange of insulting words with the other boy’s mother.

　　As Bianchi approached the park bench where she’d been sitting, other mums came up to her and congratulated her on taking a stand. “Apparently the boy had a longstanding reputation for bad behaviour and his mum for even worse behaviour if he was challenged.”

　　Andrew Fuller doesn’t believe that we should be afraid of dealing with other people’s kids. “l(fā)ook at kids that aren’t your own as a potential minefield,” he says. He recommends that we don’t stay silent over inappropriate behaviour, particularly with regular visitors.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　1. What did Stella Bianchi expect the young boy’s mother to do when she talked to him?

　　A) make an apology

　　B) come over to intervene

　　C) discipline her own boy

　　D) take her own boy away

　　2. What does the author say about dealing with other people’s children?

　　A) it’s important not to hurt them in any way

　　B) it’s no use trying to stop their wrongdoing

　　C) it’s advisable to treat them as one’s own kids

　　D) it’s possible for one to get into lots of trouble

　　3. According to professor Naomi white of Monash university, when one’s kids are criticized, their parents will probably feel

　　A) discouraged

　　B) hurt

　　C) puzzled

　　D) overwhelmed

　　4. What should one do when seeing other people’s kids misbehave according to Andrew fuller?

　　A) talk to them directly in a mild way

　　B) complain to their parents politely

　　C) simply leave them alone

　　D) punish them lightly

　　5. Due to the child-centric nature of our society,

　　A) parents are worried when their kids swear at them

　　B) people think it improper to criticize kids in public

　　C) people are reluctant to point our kids’ wrongdoings

　　D) many conflicts arise between parents and their kids

　　6. In a world where everyone is exhausted from over work and lack of sleep, .

　　A) it’s easy for people to become impatient

　　B) it’s difficult to create a code of conduct

　　C) it’s important to be friendly to everybody

　　D) it’s hard for people to admire each other

　　7. How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?

　　A) they’d question the teachers

　　B) they’d charge up to the school

　　C) they’d tell the kids to clam down

　　D) They’d put the blame on their kids

　　8. Professor white believes that the notions of a more child-centred society should be challenged.

　　9. According to professor white, today’s parents treat their children as something they can be proud of.

　　10. Andrew fuller suggests that , when kids behave inappropriately, people should not stay silent.

　　Part III Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　11．A)Only true friendship can last long.

　　B)Letter writing is going out of style.

　　C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.

　　D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.

　　12. A) A painter. C) A porter.

　　B) A mechanic. D) A carpenter.

　　13. A) Look for a place near her office. C) Make inquiries elsewhere.

　　B) Find a new job down the street. D) Rent the $600 apartment.

　　14.A) He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.

　　B) He has been extremely busy recently.

　　C) He has gained some weight lately.

　　D) He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.

　　15.A)The woman possesses a natural for art.

　　B) Women have a better artistic taste than men.

　　C) He isn’t good at abstract thinking.

　　D) He doesn’t like abstract paintings.

　　16.A) She couldn’t have left her notebook in the library.

　　B) she may have put her notebook amid the journals.

　　C) she should have made careful notes while doing reading.

　　D) she shouldn’t have read his notes without his knowing it.

　　17. A)she wants to get some sleep C) she has a literature class to attend

　　B) she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem

　　18.A)He is confident he will get the job.

　　B)His chance of getting the job is slim.

　　C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales manager.

　　D)The interview didn’t go as well as he expected.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19.A)He can manage his time more flexibly.

　　B)He can renew contact with his old friends.

　　C)He can concentrate on his own projects.

　　D)He can learn to do administrative work.

　　20.A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.

　　B)Calling its personnel department.

　　C)Contacting its manager.

　　D)Searching its website.

　　21.A)To cut down its production expenses.

　　B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.

　　C)To improve its administrative efficiency.

　　D)To utilize its retired employees’ resources.

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22.A)Buy a tractor.

　　B)Fix a house.

　　C)See a piece of property.

　　D)Sing a business contract.

　　23.A)It is only forty miles form where they live.

　　B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.

　　C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.

　　D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.

　　24.A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.

　　B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.

　　C)It may not be big enough for raising corn.

　　D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.

　　25A)Finances

　　B)Equipment

　　C)Labor

　　D)Profits

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　26 A)To introduce the chief of the city’s police force

　　B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

　　C)To address the issue of community security

　　D)To explain the functions of the city council

　　27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

　　B)He is head of the International Police Force

　　C)He completed his higher education abroad

　　D)He holds a master’s degree in criminology

　　28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

　　B)To get police officers closer to the local people

　　C)To help the residents in times of emergency

　　D)To enable the police to take prompt action

　　29 A)Popular

　　B)discouraging

　　C)effective

　　D)controversial

　　Passage Two

　　30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

　　B)there are numerous languages in existence

　　C)Most public languages are inherently vague

　　D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages

　　31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

　　B)in improves with constant practice

　　C)it is something we are born with

　　D)it varies from person to person

　　32 A)how private languages are developed

　　B)how different languages are related

　　C)how people create their languages

　　D)how children learn to use language

　　Passage Three

　　33 A)she was a tailor

　　B)she was an engineer

　　C)she was an educator

　　D)she was a public speaker

　　34.

　　A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.

　　B) Including interesting examples in them

　　C) Adjusting them to different audiences

　　D) Focusing on the latest progress in space science

　　35.

　　A) Whether spacemen carry weapons

　　B) How spacesuits protect spacemen

　　C) How NASA trains its spacemen

　　D) What spacemen cat and drink

　　Section C

　　Directions : In this section .you will hear a passage three time. When the passage is read for first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the first time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　Crime is increasing world wide. There is every reason to believe the (36)____will continue through the next few decades.

　　Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new(37)____has appeared on the world(38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____. Street crimes such as robbery, rape (40)___and auto theft are clearly rising(41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.

　　What is driving this crime (42)____?There are no simple answers. Still，there are certain conditions(43) _______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity (混雜) of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　These conditions are increasingly observable around the world . For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同種類的') ,such as Japan, Denmark and Greece (45)____________________________________________________________________________

　　Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values. Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and (46)_________________________________________________

　　36 trend

　　37 phenomenon

　　38 scene

　　39 offences

　　40 murder

　　41 particularly

　　42 explosion

　　43 associated

　　44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.

　　45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.

　　46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

　　Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

　　Section A

　　Question 47-56

　　A bookless life is an incomplete life. Books influence the depth and breadth of life. They meet the natural______47_F_____for freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life. Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of their need. Readers turn______48_K____ to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to ____49 H_____ from their own limited environment lead them to find in books food for the mind and the spirit. Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now. They are presented with a __50 G_____ of human experiences and come to ___51 N____ other ways of thought and living. And while ____52 I____ their own relationships and responses to life , the readers often find that the ___53 B__ in their stories are going through similar adjustments, which help to clarify and give significance to their own.

　　Books provide ___54 A_____ material for readers’ imagination to grow. Imagination is a valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement. While enriching their imagination, books __55 O____their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure ___56 M___. The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.

　　A. Abundant

　　B. Characters

　　C. Communicating

　　D. Completely

　　E. Derive

　　F. Desire

　　G. Diversity

　　H. Escape

　　I. Establishing

　　J. Narrow

　　K. Naturally

　　L. Personnel

　　M. Properly

　　N. Respect

　　O. Widen

　　Section B

　　Directions There are 2 passages in this section, each passage is followed by some question or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A B C D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage one

　　Question 57 to 61 based on the following passage.

　　If you are a male and you are reading this ,congratulations: you are a survivor .According to statistics .you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman ,and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a woman.

　　There are many reasons for this-typically, men take more risks than woman and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.

　　“Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should, ” says Dr. Gullotta, “This is particularly so for the over-40s,when diseases tend to strike.”

　　Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over 45,it should be at least once a year.

　　Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old ma who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.

　　“When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer” he says, “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged this life”

　　According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15 and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.

　　“A lot of men think they are invincible （不可戰(zhàn)勝的）”Gullotta says “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think” Geez, if it could happen to him.

　　Then there is the ostrich approach,” some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know, ” says Dr. Ross Cartmill.

　　“Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,” Cartmill says .He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups

　　Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says.” But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”

　　57.Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?

　　A. They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.

　　B. Their average life span has been considerably extended.

　　C. They have lived long enough to read this article.

　　D. They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier live.

　　58。What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?

　　A. men drink and smoke much more than women

　　B. men don’t seek medical care as often as women

　　C. men aren’t as cautions as women in face of danger

　　D. men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases

　　59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him,…’(line2,para,8)?

　　A. it could happen to me, too

　　B. I should avoid playing golf

　　C. I should consider myself lucky

　　D. it would be a big misfortune

　　60what does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach”(line q para.9)

　　A. a casual attitude towards one’s health conditions

　　B. a new therapy for certain psychological problems

　　C. refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved

　　D. unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear

　　61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?

　　A.They may increase public expenses

　　B.They will save money in the long run

　　C.They may cause psychological strains on men

　　D.They will enable men to live as long as women

　　Passage two

　　Question 62 to 66 are based on the following passage

　　High-quality customer service is preached(宣揚(yáng)) by many ,but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done

　　Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.

　　Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide t frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school

　　“Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers,” said Paula Courtney, President of the Verde group.” the store loses the customer, but the shopper must also find a replacement.”

　　On average, every unhappy customer will complain to at least four other, and will no longer visit the specific store for every dissatisfied customer, a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews. The resulting “snowball effect” can be disastrous to retailers.

　　According to the research, shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems. ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.

　　The most common complaints include filled parking lots, cluttered (塞滿了的) shelves, overloaded racks, out-of-stock items, long check-out lines, and rude salespeople.

　　During peak shopping hours, some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants. Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces. This guidance climinated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space.

　　Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions.

　　Most importantly, salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers.

　　“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly.” said Professor Stephen Hoch. “Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help.”

　　Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答

　　62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?

　　A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.

　　B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.

　　C Few customers believe the service will be improved.

　　D Customers have no easy access to store managers.

　　63. What does Paula Courtney imply by saying “ … the shopper must also find a replacement” (Line 2, Para. 4)?

　　A New customers are bound to replace old ones.

　　B It is not likely the shopper can find the same products in other stores.

　　C Most stores provide the same

　　D Not complaining to the manager causes the shopper some trouble too.

　　64. Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers_____

　　A can stay longer browsing in the store

　　B won’t have trouble parking their cars

　　C won’t have any worries about security

　　D can find their cars easily after shopping

　　65. What contributes most to smoothing over issues with customers?

　　A Manners of the salespeople

　　B Hiring of efficient employees

　　C Huge supply of goods for sale

　　D Design of the store layout.

　　66. To achieve better shopping experiences, customers are advised to _________.

　　A exert pressure on stores to improve their service

　　B settle their disputes with stores in a diplomatic way

　　C voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly

　　D shop around and make comparisons between stores

　　Part V Cloze

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true 67 children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and 68 sports programs and make sure that there is easy 69 to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are 70 likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often 71 the resources needed to pay for participation 72, equipment, and transportation to practices and games 73 their communities do not have resources to build and 74 sports fields and facilities.

　　Organized youth sports 75 appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed 76 some educators and developmental experts 77 that the behavior and character of children were 78 influenced by their social surrounding and everyday experiences. This 79 many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in 80 ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.

　　This belief that the social 81 influenced a person’s overall development was very 82 to people interested in progress and reform in the United States 83 the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about 84 they might control the experiences of children to 85 responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a 86 capitalist economy depended on the productivity of worker.

　　67. A. among B. within C. on D. towards

　　68. A. spread B. speed C. spur D. sponsor

　　69. A. access B. entrance C. chance D. route

　　70 A. little B. less C. more D. much

　　71. A. shrink B. tighten C. limit D. lack

　　72. A. bill B accounts C. fees D. fare

　　73. A. so B. as C. and D. but

　　74. A. maintain B. sustain C. contain D. entertain

　　75.A. last B. first C. later D. finally

　　76.A. before B. while C. until D. when

　　77.A. realized B. recalled C. expected D. exhibited

　　78.A. specifically B. excessively C. strongly D. exactly

　　79. A. moved B. conducted C. put D. led

　　80. A. precise B. precious C. particular D. peculiar

　　81.A. engagement B. environment C.s tate D. status

　　82.A. encouraging B. disappointing C. upsetting D. surprising

　　83.A. for B. with C. over D. at

　　84.A. what B. how C. whatever D. however

　　85.A. multiply B. manufacture C. produce D. provide

　　86.A. growing B. breeding C. raising D. flying

　　Part VI Translation

　　Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on answer sheet 2

　　87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems that they haven’t found answers_to (他們至今還沒有答案)

　　88.What most parents are concerned about (大多數(shù)父母所關(guān)心的) is providing the best education possible for their children.

　　89.You’d better take a sweater with you in case it turn(s) cold (以防天氣變冷)

　　90.Throught the project, many people have received training and decided to start their own business (決定自己創(chuàng)業(yè))

　　91.the anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor (直到一名醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了它)

　　答案

　　一、快速閱讀

　　1-7:3321224

　　8:challenged

　　9：can be pround of

　　10：stay silent

　　二、聽力答案：A-B卷通用

　　11-15：DACCD

　　16-20：BBBAD

　　DCBCA

　　ADBCB

　　CDBCA

　　36 trend

　　37 phenomenon

　　38 scene

　　39 offences

　　40 murder

　　41 particularly

　　42 explosion

　　43 associated

　　44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.

　　45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.

　　46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

　　三、詞匯

　　47-56：F、k、N、G、E、I、B、A、O、M

　　57-66：CBADB BCBAC

　　67-76：ADABD CCABD

　　77-86：ACDCB ADBCA

　　四、翻譯：

　　87、that they haven’t found answers_to

　　88、What most parents are concerned about

　　89、You’d better take a sweater with you in case it turn(s) cold

　　90、decided to start their own business

　　91、until it was accidentally found by a doctor

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 13

　　題目： 云南省的麗江古鎮(zhèn)是的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活節(jié)奏比大多數(shù)中國城市都要緩慢。麗江到處都是美麗的自然風(fēng)光，眾多的少數(shù)民族同胞提供了各式各樣、豐富多彩的文化讓游客體驗(yàn)。歷，麗江還以“愛之城”而聞名。當(dāng)?shù)厝酥辛鱾髦�許多關(guān)于因愛而生，為愛而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，這個(gè)古鎮(zhèn)被視為愛情和浪漫的天堂。

　　譯文

　　The ancient town of Lijiang in Yunnan province is one of the famous tourist destinations。 Its living rhythm is slower than that of most other Chinese cities。 Lijiang is full of natural beautiful sceneries， where numerous minority nationalities provide rich and varied cultures in order to give tourists a different experience。 Historically， Lijiang was also known as “ the city of love”。 Plenty of stories about living for love and dying for love have been spread among the natives。 Nowadays， the old town equals the paradise of love and romance in the eyes of Chinese and foreign tourists。

　　題目：今年在長沙舉行了一年一度的外國人漢語演講比賽。這項(xiàng)比賽證明是促進(jìn)中國世界其他地區(qū)文化交流的好方法。它為世界各地的年輕人提供了更好地了解中國的機(jī)會(huì)。來自87個(gè)國家共計(jì)126位選手聚集在湖南省省會(huì)參加了從7月6號到8月5號進(jìn)行的半決賽和決賽。比賽并不是的.活動(dòng)，選手們還有機(jī)會(huì)參觀了中國其他地區(qū)的景點(diǎn)和歷史名勝。

　　譯文

　　The annual Chinese speech contest for foreigners was held in Changsha this year。 The contest proves to be a good way to promote cultural exchanges between China and other parts of the world。 It offers the young all over the world an opportunity to know more about China.126 candidates from 87 nations gathered in the capital of Hunan province to attend the semifinal and the final from July 6 to August 5。 Besides the contest， the candidates also got a chance to visit famous tourist attractions and historical interests in other parts of China。

　　題目：中國父母往往過于關(guān)注孩子的學(xué)習(xí)，以至于不要他們幫忙做家務(wù)。他們對孩子的()要求就是努力學(xué)習(xí)，考得好，能上大學(xué)。他們相信這是為孩子好，因?yàn)樵谥袊�這樣(競爭)激烈的社會(huì)里，只有成績好才能保證前途光明。中國父母還認(rèn)為，如果孩子能在社會(huì)上(取得)大的成就，父母就會(huì)受到尊敬。因此，他們愿意犧牲自己的時(shí)間、愛好和興趣，為孩子(創(chuàng)造)更好的條件。

　　譯文

　　Chinese parents have frequently tended to pay too much attention to their childrens study, so that children don’t help them do the housework. Their only requirement for their children is to study hard, perform well in the exams, and go to a famous/prestigious university. They believe it is good for their children, because in such a highly competitive society, only good results could ensure a promising future. Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great success in society. Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies and interests, to create much better conditions for children.

　　2012年12月大學(xué)英語四級考試閱讀真題及答案

　　Section A

　　Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

　　French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millions of American youngsters. But 47 a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖癥).

　　Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French fries and soda in its kids’ meals starting this month, although they will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said Craig Prusher, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s.

　　As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路里), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56, with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its calories from sugar.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　A) adapt I) prefer

　　B) available J) recommending

　　C) begin K) species

　　D) concern L) specify

　　E) criteria M) stop

　　F) items N) taking

　　G) nationwide O) variety

　　H) possible

　　參考答案

　　Section A

　　47. N taking

　　48. D concern

　　49. M stop

　　50. B available

　　51. I prefer

　　52. L specify

　　53. O variety

　　54. G nationwide

　　55. F items

　　56. E criteria

　　Section B

　　Passage One

　　Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　As you are probably aware, the latest job markets news isn’t good: Unemployment is still more than 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to zero. That’s bad for the economy, of course. And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now. But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think.

　　That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover (人員更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations(解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in this economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more openings than economic growth does. Even in June of 2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!

　　And as it turns out, even today — with job growth near zero — over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month.

　　I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job. It’s true that if total employment were higher, it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from (and compete for). And it’s true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether it’s a new one or not.

　　But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated. They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2.7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed.

　　So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up. Four million people get hired every month in the U.S. You can be one of them.

　　57. The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate ______.

　　A) deprives many people of job opportunities

　　B) prevents many people from changing careers

　　C) should not stop people from looking for a job

　　D) does not mean the U.S. economy is worsening

　　58. Where do most job openings come from?

　　A) Job growth. C) Improved economy.

　　B) Job turnover. D)Business expansion.

　　59. What does the author say about overall job growth?

　　A) It doesn’t have much effect on individual job seekers.

　　B) It increases people’s confidence in the economy.

　　C) It gives a ray of hope to the unemployed.

　　D) It doesn’t mean greater job security for the employed.

　　60. What is the key to landing a job according to the author?

　　A) Education. C) Persistence.

　　B) Intelligence. D) Experience.

　　61. What do we learn from the passage about the unemployment figures in the U.S.?

　　A) They clearly indicate how healthy the economy is.

　　B) They provide the public with the latest information.

　　C) They warn of the structural problems in the economy.

　　D) They exclude those who have stopped looking for a job.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

　　Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors — or doesn’t it?

　　While such vigilant(警覺的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.

　　In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.

　　It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(預(yù)期壽命).

　　A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening- especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.

　　It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care.”

　　That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

　　62. Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?

　　A) It is believed to contribute to long life.

　　B) It is part of their health care package.

　　C) The elderly are more sensitive about their health.

　　D) The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth.

　　63. How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?

　　A) It adds too much to their medical bills.

　　B) It helps increase their life expectancy.

　　C) They are doubtful about its necessity.

　　D) They think it does more harm than good.

　　64. What is the conventional view about women screening for breast cancer?

　　A) It applies to women over 50. C) It is optional for young women.

　　B) It is a must for adult women. D) It doesn’t apply to women over 74.

　　65. Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?

　　A) They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.

　　B) They want to take advantage of the medical care system.

　　C) They want data for medical research.

　　D) They want their patients to suffer less.

　　66. What does the author say is the general view about health care?

　　A) The more, the better. C) Better early than late.

　　B) Prevention is better than cure. D) Better care, longer life.

　　參考答案

　　57 C 58 B.

　　59 A 60 C

　　61 D62 D.

　　63 C 64 B

　　65 A 66 A.

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 14

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.

　　B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.

　　C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.

　　D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.

　　2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.

　　B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.

　　3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.

　　B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.

　　C) The man had better talk with the students himself.

　　D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.

　　4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.

　　B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.

　　C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.

　　D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.

　　5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.

　　B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.

　　6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.

　　B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.

　　C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.

　　D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.

　　7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.

　　B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.

　　C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.

　　D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.

　　8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.

　　B) The woman is waiting for a call.

　　C) The woman is doing some repairs.

　　D) The man knows the mechanic very well.

　　Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　9. A) She had a job interview to attend.

　　B) She was busy finishing her project.

　　C) She had to attend an important meeting.

　　D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.

　　10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.

　　B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.

　　C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.

　　D) Help her roommate with her report.

　　11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.

　　B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.

　　B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.

　　13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.

　　B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.

　　14. A) It is an awful waste of time.

　　B) He finds it rather unbearable.

　　C) The time on the train is enjoyable.

　　D) It is something difficult to get used to.

　　15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.

　　B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　Passage One

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　16. A) Ignore small details while reading.

　　B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.

　　C) Develop a habit of reading critically.

　　D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.

　　17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.

　　B) Underline the key words and phrases.

　　C) Make as few marks as possible.

　　D) Highlight details in a red color.

　　18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.

　　B) By reviewing only the marked parts.

　　C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.

　　D) By comparing notes with their classmates.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.

　　B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.

　　C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.

　　D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.

　　20. A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.

　　B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.

　　21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.

　　B) His mother’s injury just before his birth.

　　C) The unique surroundings of his living place.

　　D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.

　　B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.

　　C) She developed a strong interest in finance.

　　D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.

　　23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.

　　B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.

　　C) She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.

　　D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.

　　24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.

　　B) She was dishonest in business dealings.

　　C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.

　　D) She abused animals including her pet dog.

　　25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.

　　B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.

　　C) She made huge donations to charities.

　　D) She carried on her family’s tradition.

　　Section C

　　Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

　　注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

　　Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28)_______. Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ moment. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.

　　Part Ⅰ Writing

　　The First Place I Will Show in My Hometown—the Central Avenue

　　My hometown is Harbin. The most interesting place which I would like to take my foreign friends to is the Central Avenue, if they come to my hometown. The reasons for this can be illustrated as below.

　　To begin with, as the symbol of Harbin, the Central Avenue not only has a long history, but also a famous food palace. There are a variety of delicious foods for you to choose. Just take the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer as an example. Many of tourists to the Central Avenue sing their praises for the ice-cream brick of Ma Dieer. In addition, the brilliant historic culture of the Central Avenue can widen people’s vision and enhance their knowledge, which lays a solid foundation for the understanding of this fabulous city—Harbin.

　　I believe my foreign friends will enjoy themselves in the Central Avenue. Not only can they appreciate the wonderful landscape of Harbin but also taste authentic northeast food. No better place can be chosen than the Central Avenue!

　　Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

　　1-5: BDDCD

　　6-10: ADBAC

　　11-15: ACBCA

　　16-20: DABDC

　　20-25: BCDAB

　　26. identical

　　27. approach

　　28. back and forth

　　29. opposite

　　30. indicates

　　31. referring to

　　32. parallel to

　　33. reserved

　　34. at the right angle

　　35. embarrassing

　　英語四六級真題試卷電子版 15

　　1、Ultimately, however, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “l(fā)ess bad” but on creating completely healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or reused by industry again and again.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為our basic design strategy is focused not on being “l(fā)ess bad” but on creating healthful materials。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾materials。however 意為“然而”，是插入成分。not…but…意為“不是……而是……”，連接兩個(gè)介詞短語。either…or…意為“或者……或者……”，表示并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　【譯文】然而最終，我們的基本設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)不僅是簡單地關(guān)注于“較低危害”，而是發(fā)明完全有益于健康的材料，這種材料或可以無害地回歸土地，或可以被工業(yè)重復(fù)利用。

　　2、As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states — light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep — that repeats approximately every 90 minutes.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句主干為you pass through a sequence of sleep states。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。that引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾a sequence of sleep states，that在從句中作主語。light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep 是插入成分，具體說明 states 的內(nèi)容。

　　【譯文】人們睡覺時(shí)經(jīng)歷了一連串的睡眠階段——淺度睡眠階段，深度睡眠階段，快速眼動(dòng)睡眠階段——大約每90分鐘重復(fù)一次。

　　3、You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then duly(適時(shí)地) wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.

　　【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。句子主干為You program the clock, and it wakes you。at which 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 time，which 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，at+時(shí)間是固定搭配，所以 which 之前加介詞 at，表示在某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)。句末的 that 指代 the latest time。

　　【譯文】將鬧鐘調(diào)好至你想起床的時(shí)間，它便會(huì)適時(shí)地在之前的最后一個(gè)淺眠期將你叫醒。

　　4、Home builders can now use materials — such as paints that release significantly reduced amounts of organic compounds — that don’t destroy the quality of the air, water, or soil.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Home builders can now use materials。such as… compounds是舉例說明，作插入語。第一個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 paints;第二個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 materials。

　　【譯文】房屋建造者們現(xiàn)在可以使用不破壞空氣、水或土壤的材料，如釋放少量有機(jī)物的涂料。

　　5、We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world.

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾 choices，that 在從句中作主語。to make choices 作 opportunity 的定語。

　　【譯文】我們提供高質(zhì)量和健康的產(chǎn)品，提供做選擇的機(jī)會(huì)，他們可以選擇對世界有益的產(chǎn)品。

　　6、This jumping to our children’s defence is part of what fuels the “walking on eggshells” feeling that surrounds our dealings with other people’s children. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為…jumping to our children’s defence is part of…。what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句what fuels…feelings作of的賓語。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that surrounds…children修飾feeling。

　　【譯文】這種對孩子的急切保護(hù)，加劇了我們在處理別人孩子的事情時(shí)，那種“在蛋殼上行走”的感覺。

　　7、Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為簡單句。句子主干為 you’ll die…。Assuming…term 為條件狀語。about 78 years for men in Australia作插入語，是對natural term的解釋說明，去掉后，句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和語義仍完整。

　　【譯文】假定你有幸活到了生命的自然盡頭——在澳大利亞男性大概是78歲——你平均也要比女性早去世五年。

　　8、Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man。 who引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾 a 50-year-old man。delay后常接動(dòng)名詞，表示“推遲做某事”。smoker’s cough指吸煙引起的咳嗽。

　　【譯文】兩個(gè)月前，古麗塔遇見一位50歲的男人，他耽擱了一年而未對吸煙引起的咳嗽做任何處理。

　　9、Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，according to…是介詞短語。conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School作后置定語修飾a study。the last one to do sth.意為“最后一個(gè)做某事的人”。

　　【譯文】據(jù)沃德集團(tuán)和沃頓商學(xué)院所做的一份聯(lián)合調(diào)查顯示，商店經(jīng)理總是最后一個(gè)接到投訴，并且通常是當(dāng)他們的�？蜎Q定定期光顧他們的競爭對手時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　10、“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句中的直接引語為復(fù)合句。句子主干為Retailers are more likely to smooth over issues than those, more…than是比較級結(jié)構(gòu)。第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾Retailers，第二個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾those。

　　【譯文】史提芬??霍克教授說：“與那些態(tài)度不友好的零售商相比，能夠及時(shí)作出反應(yīng)且態(tài)度友好的零售商更有可能平息事端�！�

　　英語四級閱讀備考：真題長難句解析(3)

　　11、He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為He believes…diseases…could be addressed…。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that commonly affect men修飾most diseases。by preventive check-ups為be addressed的方式狀語。

　　【譯文】他相信，那些經(jīng)常感染男性的疾病大多數(shù)都可以通過預(yù)防性的檢查來處理掉。

　　12、Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, coworkers, strangers — and anyone who will listen. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Shoppers seldom complain to…but…will alert…。破折號在這里起到強(qiáng)調(diào)或引起別人注意破折號后面要說的話的作用。在破折號后，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句who will listen修飾的是anyone。

　　【譯文】顧客很少向經(jīng)理或者零售店的`老板投訴，相反，他們會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)而向他們的朋友、親戚、同事、陌生人——以及任何可以聽到的人吐苦水。

　　13、This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly, and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾those。

　　【譯文】這些引導(dǎo)消除了顧客在停車場無盡地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顧客之間因搶占空車位而引發(fā)的沖突。

　　14、Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filling complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為簡單句，主干為Customers can…improve…experiences。方式狀語by filling complaints to the retailer修飾improve future shopping experiences。instead of表示否定，其前后成分結(jié)構(gòu)一致，complaining前其實(shí)省略了by。

　　【譯文】顧客也可以通過向零售商投訴來改善今后的購物體驗(yàn)，而不是向全世界其他的人抱怨。

　　15、A code of conduct is hard to create when you’re living in a world in which everyone is exhausted from overwork and lack of sleep, and a world in which nice people are perceived to finish last.(2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為A code of conduct is hard to create，從句為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句when you’re living…last。從句中又包括兩個(gè)由介詞in加which引導(dǎo)的定語從句in which everyone is…sleep和in which nice…last，先行詞均為a world。

　　【譯文】當(dāng)你生活在一個(gè)每個(gè)人都因加班工作、缺乏睡眠而筋疲力盡的社會(huì)，在一個(gè)好人最后總是吃虧的社會(huì)時(shí)，很難創(chuàng)造出一套行為準(zhǔn)則。

　　16、Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Todd Park said…。a local detective為Todd Park的同位語。the method has…為省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，該賓語從句中又包含一個(gè)由whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句whose skeleton…Lake，修飾的是woman。

　　【譯文】當(dāng)?shù)氐膫商絋odd Park說這個(gè)方法幫助他了解到關(guān)于一具在大鹽湖附近發(fā)現(xiàn)的不明身份女尸骸的更多信息。

　　17、He had a perfect résumé and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為He had a…résumé and gave…responses, but the fact…said untrustworthy…so she decided…。從句that he never looked her in the eye為the fact的同位語。and連接He的兩個(gè)謂賓，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，so則表結(jié)果。

　　【譯文】這位應(yīng)試者的履歷非常完美，并且對她的問題回答得不錯(cuò)，但是，他不敢正視她這一事實(shí)意味著“不值得信賴”，因此她決定把工作留給第二個(gè)候選人。

　　18、When we begin to question our assumptions and challenge what we think we have learned from our past, from the media, peers, family, friends, etc., we begin to realize that some of our conclusions are flawed (有缺陷的) or contrary to our fundamental values. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為we begin to realize…，從句為When引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句When we…etc.。主句中包括一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that some…values，作realize的賓語。從句中包含了一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句what we think，作challenge的賓語；而think后又帶了一個(gè)省略引導(dǎo)詞的賓語從句we have learned from…etc.。

　　【譯文】當(dāng)我們開始質(zhì)疑自己的假設(shè)，并且向那些我們認(rèn)為是從我們的過去、媒體、同輩、家人、朋友等那里學(xué)到的東西發(fā)出挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，我們就開始意識到我們的結(jié)論有些是有缺陷的，或者說與我們的基本價(jià)值是相違背的。

　　19、We need to train ourselves to think differently, shift our mindsets and realize that diversity opens doors for all of us, creating opportunities in organizations and communities that benefit everyone. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為We need to…。to后帶了三個(gè)并列的不定式，分別是train ourselves to think，shift our mindsets和realize，而that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that diversity opens…us則作realize的賓語。creating…communities作伴隨狀語，該狀語中又包括一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that benefit everyone，修飾的是opportunities。

　　【譯文】我們需要訓(xùn)練自己用不同的思維方式去思考，轉(zhuǎn)變我們的思維，并且意識到多元化的大門向我們每一個(gè)人開放，這樣就能創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)，使組織和社區(qū)中的每一個(gè)人都受益。

　　20、They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez, if it could happen to him, …’(2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主句為They only come in，從句為when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。從句中包含兩個(gè)由and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)a friend drops dead和they think…。‘Geez…’為think的賓語，該賓語的省略號里其實(shí)省略了與it could happen to him結(jié)構(gòu)對應(yīng)的it could happen to me too。

　　【譯文】某個(gè)朋友在打高爾夫時(shí)猝死，他們會(huì)想：‘天啊，如果這能在他身上發(fā)生……’，只有這個(gè)時(shí)候他們才會(huì)來(醫(yī)院)。

　　21、Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Scott Hahn says…。high-quality sustainable…find為says的賓語。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句which uses all-organic cotton修飾的是Rogan and Loomstate。cofounder with Gregory為Scott Hahn的同位語。

　　【譯文】Scott Hahn與Gregory同為使用全有機(jī)棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的創(chuàng)始人，他聲稱，高質(zhì)量的可持續(xù)使用面料仍然很難尋覓到。

　　22、Most designers with existing labels are finding there aren’t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you’re doing and what your customers are used to,” he says. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Most designers…are finding…。there aren’t…used to為省略了that的賓語從句。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that can just replace…修飾fabrics。what引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)賓語從句what you’re doing和what your customers are used to作replace的賓語。

　　【譯文】他說，“大多數(shù)現(xiàn)有品牌設(shè)計(jì)師發(fā)現(xiàn)，并沒有匹配的面料能代替你正用著的和顧客們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)的面料。”

　　23、Last year the influential trade show Designers & Agents stopped charging its participation fee for young green entrepreneurs (企業(yè)家) who attend its two springtime shows in Los Angeles and New York and gave special recognition to designers whose collections are at least 25% sustainable. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為… Designers & Agents stopped charging…and gave special recognition…。who引導(dǎo)的定語從句who attend its…York修飾entrepreneurs，whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句whose collections are…sustainable修飾designers。

　　【譯文】去年，頗具影響力的Designers & Agents對參加其在洛杉磯和紐約舉辦的兩次春季展覽的年輕環(huán)保企業(yè)家們實(shí)行免費(fèi)入場，同時(shí)給予那些作品中包括至少四分之一可持續(xù)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)師們以特別表彰。

　　24、This week Wal-Mart is set to announce a major initiative aimed at helping cotton farmers go organic: it will buy transitional (過渡型的) cotton at higher prices, thus helping to expand the supply of a key sustainable material. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Wal-Mart is set to announce a… initiative。aimed…organic為后置定語，修飾initiative。冒號后的句子it will buy…prices即initiative的內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于initiative的同位語從句。helping to…sustainable作伴隨狀語。

　　【譯文】本周沃爾瑪特打算宣布一大重要舉措，旨在幫助種植棉花的農(nóng)民走有機(jī)種植之路：它將以稍高價(jià)收購過渡型的棉花，以此幫助擴(kuò)大一種主要的可持續(xù)使用面料的供應(yīng)量。

　　25、Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand (縷) of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims. (2009年6月)

　　【分析】本句為復(fù)合句，主干為Scientists have devised a way…。a technique為a way的同位語。where引導(dǎo)的賓語從句where…lived作determine的賓語。using…h(huán)air為現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語。that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that…victims修飾technique。

　　【譯文】科學(xué)家已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)方法，憑借人的一縷頭發(fā)便能大致確定某人曾經(jīng)居住過的地點(diǎn)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能能夠幫助跟蹤鎖定犯罪嫌疑人或不明身份案件受害人的活動(dòng)場所。

　　四級閱讀理解長難句有以下六大特點(diǎn)：

　　1、 主語拉長

　　一般來講，漢語主語比較簡短。相比之下，英語中主語一旦拉長，就會(huì)增加讀者的理解難度。

　　解決方法：有效分解主謂成分，斷開之后各個(gè)擊破。例如：

　　The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears have also attracted more people to the region. （2005.6）

　　首先，把原句子分解為兩個(gè)簡單獨(dú)立的句子：

　�。�1）The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears溪流、湖泊、草地、山脈、森林，使得Pocono成為黑熊理想的棲息地

　�。�2）have also attracted more people to the region. 吸引了越來越多的人們來到這里。

　　其次，句子整合翻譯：

　　溪流、湖泊、草地、山脈、森林，這些不僅使得Pocono成為黑熊理想的棲息地，而且吸引了越來越多的人們來到這里。

　　2、 分詞短語打頭，句子呈現(xiàn)三段（或三段以上）的長句式

　　分詞短語（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）做狀語，這一句式比較常見，讀者閱讀時(shí)由于要區(qū)分短語和主語之間的邏輯關(guān)系，所以理解上有難度。并且分詞短語本身往往由于摻入了插入語成分，理解上就更為困難。

　　解決方法：理清主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)關(guān)系。一般來說現(xiàn)在分詞與主語之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；而過去分詞與主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

　　例如：

　　Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvanis, the Conservancy’s Bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth environmental protection. （2005.6）

　　翻譯：在賓西法尼亞州的朗龐德村莊有一棟上百年歷史的校舍，大自然保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的成員巴德-庫克就在這里辦公，他與當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窈蜕虡I(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)合作，以努力平衡好經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)之間的關(guān)系。

　　注意：介詞短語位于句首類似分詞短語形式。例如：

　　In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. （2005.1）

　　翻譯：有一段時(shí)間，美國的兒童學(xué)業(yè)表現(xiàn)不盡如人意，許多人于是轉(zhuǎn)向日本，想從中尋求可能的解決辦法，因?yàn)槿毡静粌H經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力強(qiáng)，而且學(xué)術(shù)成就也很高。

　　特別注意不定式to位于句首表目的，一定是考試重點(diǎn)。例如：

　　原文：To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. (2005.1)

　　翻譯：為了使孩子能在一年級和以后有良好的表現(xiàn)，日本的學(xué)校并不教授閱讀、寫作、和算數(shù)，而是教孩子們諸如毅力、注意力和群體合作能力等技巧。

　　考題：In Japan’s preshcool education, the focus is on

　　A. preparing children academically B. developing children’s artistic interests

　　C. tapping children’s potential D. shaping children’s character

　　3、 多個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞連用

　　簡單句之所以簡單是因?yàn)槌煞謫我槐阌谧x者理解。而四級閱讀理解中，出題人為增加閱讀難度，就會(huì)把幾個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞放在一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中。但是無論局勢如何變化，英語句子本身就猶如一棵大樹，只能有一個(gè)主干起支撐作用，其他起輔助作用。

　　解決方法：遇到多個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞連用情況要分清主句謂語動(dòng)詞和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。剔除細(xì)枝末節(jié)之后，句子也就好理解了。例如：

　　Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu(流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts. （2005.1）

　　解析：此句是由but引導(dǎo)的并列句。前面一句話容易理解，謂語動(dòng)詞是spell,關(guān)鍵看后一句話。but引導(dǎo)的句子黑體下劃線是主語，該句子真正謂語動(dòng)詞是may make，如下面所示：

　　but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu(流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.

　　翻譯：喉嚨發(fā)癢、鼻塞、渾身酸痛都令人痛苦，但是能夠確定造成這種痛苦的根源是普通感冒還是流感，對這種痛苦能折磨你多就會(huì)起關(guān)鍵作用。

　　4、舉例作為插入語（顯著詞such as; for example; including etc.）

　　插入語主要起補(bǔ)充或說明的作用，我們在進(jìn)行快速閱讀的時(shí)候通常會(huì)把它省略，即忽略不看。但是，筆者在這里要提出的一點(diǎn)是，如果根據(jù)文章問題回原文定位句子時(shí)，如果定位的關(guān)鍵句子包含了以上插入語中的任何一種形式，則答案往往就在此處。例如：

　　原文：Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

　　考題： Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of

　　A. instrumental support B. informational support

　　C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect

　　（1）Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. （2005.1）

　　翻譯：普通感冒患者的一些典型癥狀，如鼻塞、流鼻涕、喉嚨發(fā)癢，發(fā)作比較緩慢，成人和青少年患者一般不會(huì)有發(fā)熱癥狀。

　�。�2）And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. （2005.1）

　　翻譯：一般來說，流感癥狀包括發(fā)燒、發(fā)冷、喉嚨發(fā)癢、渾身疼痛，比普通感冒的癥狀來得突然和猛烈。

　　☆注意：舉例有時(shí)可以換成短語，如介詞短語、不定式短語等等；還可以換成有兩個(gè)破折號引起的插入語成分。例如：

　　It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and jounals and to producing video materials on ASL and deaf culture—is having lunch at a café near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution.(2004.6)

　　時(shí)間過了37年。現(xiàn)在Stoloe致力于撰寫和編輯關(guān)于美國手語和聾啞人文化的書籍和雜志，以及制作相關(guān)的錄像材料

　　5、并列句連用使得句子變長（主謂賓都可以并列）

　　并列句是四級閱讀理解中的主要句式。出題人會(huì)把幾個(gè)成分相同的并列句子，通過剔除多余成分從而使其合并為一個(gè)很長的句子

　　解決方法：破解這樣句子的關(guān)鍵是要弄清楚兩個(gè)句子的邏輯關(guān)系，補(bǔ)全成分后重新還原為幾個(gè)單獨(dú)的句子即可。例如：

　　To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines. (2004.6)

　　翻譯：對政府來說，更糟糕的是，不久得知的消息是，王妃的安哥拉之行得到過外事辦的批準(zhǔn)，并且她事實(shí)上非常了解安哥拉的形勢和英國政府關(guān)于地雷的政策。

　　相當(dāng)于拆分成三個(gè)句子：

　　(1) To make matters worse for the government

　　(2) It soon emerged that the Princess’s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office.

　　(3) It soon emerged that she was in fact very well-informed about both the situation in Angola and the British government’s policy regarding landmines.

　　6、多重復(fù)合句疊加

　　所謂多重復(fù)合句疊加，就是說一個(gè)長句子當(dāng)中可能包含了好幾種句式（并列的定語從句、狀語從句、介詞短語等等）。

　　解決方法：分清主從句，理清句子邏輯關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。通常采用圖表法。例如：

　�。�1）Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (2006.1)

　　結(jié)構(gòu)圖：

　　①——☆①

　　○——○——

　�、凇�—☆②

　　說明：

　　○——○=then there is the general, all covering apology

　�、�=which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act

　　②= and which the person should promise never to do again

　　☆①= that was particularly hurtful or insulting

　　☆②= Who is apologizing

　　顯然，原句子是由有there be引導(dǎo)做主句，后面跟了兩個(gè)which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，兩者是并列的。比較特殊的是which定語從句中有各自有一個(gè)定語從句，像是一個(gè)連環(huán)套。

　　分解為以下幾個(gè)句子：

　　1.Then there is the general, all covering apology

　　2.Which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act

　　3.That was particularly hurtful or insulting

　　4.And which the person

　　5.Who is apologizing

　　6.Should promise never to do again

　　翻譯：

　　1.然后就有了一種一般意義的、無所不包的道歉

　　2.這種道歉避免了一種指明特別行為的必要性

　　3.特別是讓人傷心或者令人委屈的行為

　　4.這種道歉使得人們

　　5.道歉的人們

　　6.承諾以后不再犯類似的行為

　　句子整合翻譯：然后還有一種泛泛的無所不包的道歉，這種道歉避免了一種指明特別讓人傷心、特別令人委屈的、道歉者應(yīng)該保證以后不會(huì)再犯的具體行為。

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