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丁曉鐘:06年考研英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)評(píng)和爭(zhēng)議題解析

時(shí)間:2023-05-04 18:08:03 考研英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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丁曉鐘:06年考研英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)評(píng)和爭(zhēng)議題解析

        本次考研英語(yǔ)的試題再次證明,技巧是建立在實(shí)力基礎(chǔ)上的,絕大部分技巧是毫無(wú)用處的。細(xì)節(jié)決定高分,原文細(xì)節(jié)、選項(xiàng)細(xì)節(jié)如果有一點(diǎn)忽視了,就有可能做錯(cuò)題目,比如今年的幾道爭(zhēng)議題就更體現(xiàn)了這一點(diǎn)。

丁曉鐘:06年考研英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)評(píng)和爭(zhēng)議題解析

完形、閱讀、翻譯的文章都是選自外刊,語(yǔ)言難度相當(dāng)大。完形從表面上來(lái)看要比去年的題目容易理解一點(diǎn),但是選項(xiàng)的干擾性超過(guò)去年。閱讀PART A整體上也超過(guò)去年,四篇文章選自The Economist, Newsweek, Time三個(gè)英美主流刊物。其中選自Time的Text 2文章極其晦澀難懂。以前考研真題選Time上的文章很少很少,因?yàn)門(mén)ime在美國(guó)主流的新聞?lì)惪镏姓Z(yǔ)言最為難懂,一般英美高級(jí)知識(shí)分子才能看懂?佳械奈恼轮皇窃谠纳献隽松晕⒌母膭(dòng)。恰巧這篇文章在國(guó)內(nèi)的《英語(yǔ)文摘》雜志去年第7期上登過(guò),而且是該刊標(biāo)注為精讀的文章。不用我說(shuō),大家應(yīng)該都知道鉆研外刊的重要性。閱讀PART B比去年稍微簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),翻譯也是,但作文稍難?傮w來(lái)看,今年試題難度超過(guò)去年。

  下面給出一些爭(zhēng)議題的簡(jiǎn)單解析,與大家商榷。

  The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population.__1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly _____2____.

  1.[A]Indeed [B]Likewise [C]Therefore [D]Furthermore

  [解析] 我選A。無(wú)家可歸的人在美國(guó)人口中占的比例越來(lái)越大。_____, 無(wú)家可歸現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)達(dá)到了這樣的比例,是地方政府所不能對(duì)付的了。這里選Indeed,因?yàn)槠涫潜硎緩?qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系“確實(shí)”, 兩句話之間并沒(méi)有遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以不能選D) 。注意such在這里說(shuō)隱含的強(qiáng)調(diào)意味。

  Many others,____14____not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday __15__ skills needed to turn their lives _____16__.

  16.[A]around [B]over [C]on [D]up

  [解析] 我選A 。 turn their lives around考的很偏,意識(shí)是改變、改善他們的生活的意思。 Turn their lives over 在這里說(shuō)不通。

  Text 1

  Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”

  24. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?

  A. To prove their popularity around the world.

  B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.

  C. To give examples of successful immigrants.

  D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.

  [解析] 我選D。A 基本上沒(méi)人選,就不講了。B有相當(dāng)多的人選,我不講別的錯(cuò)誤原因,抓住the public 就可以知道 B絕對(duì)不能選。就象蛇打七寸,考研英語(yǔ)要考好,就是要在紛繁的細(xì)節(jié)中抓住錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)致命的弱點(diǎn)。注意原文some Americans fear that immigrants … , “some Americans”(一些美國(guó)人)能代表the public(公眾)嗎? 顯然不行,除非是Most Americans在閱讀的替換中可以認(rèn)為是the public, 命題者在這里是偷換概念,也就是錯(cuò)誤替換!C. 作者在文章中提到的成功的人物一定是移民嗎?盡管從廣義上來(lái)說(shuō)所以的美國(guó)人都是移民。有的考生說(shuō)施瓦辛格是移民,但考研閱讀不要求考生知道背景,對(duì)所有專業(yè)的考生是公平的,即使你沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。另外,如果題目舉這兩個(gè)人的例子如果就是為了說(shuō)明移民本身的成功,那就偏離了文章的主題,大家應(yīng)該都知道例子是為主題或者主題句服務(wù)的。本篇文章討論的主題就是美國(guó)在吸收移民方面的成功,美國(guó)文化的同化能力很強(qiáng),本文并不討論移民個(gè)人的成功。請(qǐng)注意yet后面的內(nèi)容:然而,一些美國(guó)人擔(dān)心在美國(guó)的移民會(huì)不受美國(guó)強(qiáng)大的通話能力的影響(有免疫能力)。這句話的內(nèi)涵是什么呢?前半句講了即使美國(guó)之外的人也崇拜美國(guó)人,那么作者就說(shuō)了,人們何必?fù)?dān)心住在美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的移民不受到美國(guó)文化的影響呢?言下之意是美國(guó)文化在全世界包括美國(guó)都有強(qiáng)大的影響。

  25. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society is ______.

  A. rewarding B. successful C. fruitless D. Harmful

 。劢馕觯菸疫xB。本題除了C沒(méi)人選,其它選項(xiàng)都有人選。題目問(wèn)作者對(duì)美國(guó)吸收移民的觀點(diǎn)是什么。請(qǐng)注意文章第二段第一句話Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. 講了移民溶入美國(guó)文化is hardly poisonous=is hardly harmful,所以D不能選。而實(shí)際上作者從好幾個(gè)方面將到了美國(guó)吸收移民的成功,比如說(shuō)移民到第三代的時(shí)候基本上忘掉了原來(lái)的語(yǔ)言,新移民的家庭一般高于50%的人都擁有自己的房子等等,所以選B。本文并沒(méi)有著重強(qiáng)調(diào)美國(guó)吸收移民是有好處的,有回報(bào)的,而只是強(qiáng)調(diào)吸收移民的過(guò)程的成功,這里A) rewarding又是偷換概念。關(guān)鍵還是看文章強(qiáng)調(diào)什么,這是一切閱讀的精髓!

  Text 3

  According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.

  32. We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that

  A. the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%.

  B. there are only half as many fisheries as there were 15 years ago.

  C. the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount.

  D. the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old.

 。劢馕觯菸疫xA。本題目爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn)是A/ D。這道題再次體現(xiàn)了考研閱讀考查細(xì)到什么程度,考生要善于辨別選項(xiàng)之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。首先我們來(lái)分析原文,在paper里,這兩個(gè)博士提到了新的漁場(chǎng)在開(kāi)始開(kāi)發(fā)15年之內(nèi)魚(yú)的數(shù)量平均下降了80%。在某些長(zhǎng)期捕撈的漁場(chǎng)里,魚(yú)的數(shù)量自從那個(gè)時(shí)候(此處這樣理解,比如1980年開(kāi)始捕撈,這里就是指1995年后),又下降了一半。意思就是說(shuō)原來(lái)只剩20%了,現(xiàn)在再下降一半,那就是說(shuō)有些長(zhǎng)期捕撈的漁場(chǎng)的數(shù)量下降了90%。這里不存在新的漁場(chǎng)和老的漁場(chǎng)的比較,有很多角度可以駁斥。比如說(shuō)本文中說(shuō)老的漁場(chǎng)自從那個(gè)時(shí)候又下降了一半(選D的人就會(huì)說(shuō),這不是表明新的80%要比老的50%快嗎?),但是文章中并沒(méi)有說(shuō)這個(gè)下降50%是在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)。如果是1個(gè)月就下降了50%,那不是比新的要快,因?yàn)樾碌囊保的曜笥也畔陆担福埃ツ。另外,我們還可以找到D的致命缺陷,細(xì)節(jié)啊細(xì)節(jié)!!先說(shuō)a new fishery ,這個(gè)概念有的人說(shuō)不能泛指,是特指某個(gè)漁場(chǎng),所以不能選A,因?yàn)橐粋(gè)漁場(chǎng)無(wú)法推導(dǎo)出某些漁場(chǎng)的狀況。實(shí)際上在語(yǔ)法上是可以泛指的。而且注意on average, 我們總不能說(shuō)一個(gè)漁場(chǎng)平均下降80%吧,肯定是指一般現(xiàn)象。即使承認(rèn)a new fishery是特指某個(gè)漁場(chǎng),那么D中new fisheries不也錯(cuò)了。D的七寸我覺(jué)得在in the old = in the old fishery, 原文中是講some fisheries,而the old 一般是個(gè)泛指的概念(除非文章中提到了這個(gè)老的漁場(chǎng)),比如說(shuō)the old就是指老年人,some old people干什么了,也能推導(dǎo)出the old干什么?顯然在D選項(xiàng)中的the old 把原文中some long-fished(old) fisheries的概念擴(kuò)大了!本選項(xiàng)和24題中Some Americans不能等同于the public錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)似!請(qǐng)同學(xué)們好好體會(huì)!

  

  Text 4

  This wasn't always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for expressing joy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth's daffodils to Baudelaire's flowers of evil.

  What we forget--what our economy depends on is forgetting--is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you will die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It's a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.

  36.By citing the example of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire, the author intends to show that

  A. Poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music.

  B. Art grow out of both positive and negative feeling.

  C. Poets today are less skeptical of happiness.

  D. Artist have changed their focus of interest.

 。劢馕觯菸疫xD。本題爭(zhēng)議主要在B和D,主要考查邏輯關(guān)系!∥恼轮兄v了,以前藝術(shù)都是歌頌美的感情,但是從19世紀(jì)以來(lái)藝術(shù)開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)向了,從描寫(xiě)生活中美的方面,轉(zhuǎn)向丑惡的方面。舉了一個(gè)例子說(shuō)明這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向(請(qǐng)大家再次體會(huì)舉例是為了說(shuō)明某個(gè)主題),這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)向就是從華茲華斯的水仙花轉(zhuǎn)向了波德萊爾的惡之花。即使你不認(rèn)識(shí)這兩個(gè)人也不要緊,你只要把握住了文章這段話的主題就可以

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