- 相關(guān)推薦
英文科技論文中的語(yǔ)言技巧,不可不看 -文秘文書(shū)
a)如何指出當(dāng)前研究的不足以及有目的地引導(dǎo)出自己的研究的重要性通常在敘述了前人成果之后,用However來(lái)引導(dǎo)不足,比如However, little information.. little attention... little work... little data little researchor few studies few investigations... few researchers... few attempts...or no none of these studieshas (have) been less done on ... focused on attempted to conducted investigated studied (with respect to)Previous research (studies, records) has (have) failed to consider ignored misinterpreted neglected to overestimated, underestimated misleadedthus, these previus results are inconclisive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial..Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...這種引導(dǎo)一般提出一種新方法,或者一種新方向。如果研究的方法以及方向和前人一樣,可以通過(guò)下面的方式強(qiáng)調(diào)自己工作的作用:However, data is still scarce rare less accurate there is still dearth ofWe need to aim to have to provide more documents data records studies increase the datasetFurther studies are still necessary... essential...為了強(qiáng)調(diào)自己研究的重要性,一般還要在However之前介紹自己研究問(wèn)題的反方面,另一方面等等比如:1)時(shí)間問(wèn)題如果你研究的問(wèn)題時(shí)間上比較新,你就可以大量提及對(duì)時(shí)間較老的問(wèn)題的研究及重要性,然后說(shuō)(However),對(duì)時(shí)間尺度比較新的問(wèn)題研究不足2)物性及研究手段問(wèn)題如果你要應(yīng)用一種新手段或者研究方向,你可以提出當(dāng)前比較流行的方法以及物質(zhì)性質(zhì),然后說(shuō)對(duì)你所研究的方向和方法,研究甚少。3)研究區(qū)域問(wèn)題首先總結(jié)相鄰區(qū)域或者其它區(qū)域的研究,然后強(qiáng)調(diào)這一區(qū)域研究不足4)不確定性雖然前人對(duì)這一問(wèn)題研究很多,但是目前有兩種或者更多種的觀點(diǎn),這種uncertanties, ambiguities,值得進(jìn)一步澄清5)提出自己的假設(shè)來(lái)驗(yàn)證如果自己的研究完全是新的,沒(méi)有前人的工作進(jìn)行對(duì)比,在這種情況下,你可以自信地說(shuō),根據(jù)提出的過(guò)程,存在這種可能的結(jié)果,本文就是要證實(shí)這種結(jié)果。We aim to test the feasibility (reliability) of the ...It is hoped that the qutestion will be resolved (fall away) with our proposedmethod (approach).b) 提出自己的觀點(diǎn)We aim toThis paper reports on provides results extends the method.. focus onThe purpose of this paper is toFurthermore, Moreover, In addition,, we will also discuss...c) 圈定自己的研究范圍前言的另外一個(gè)作用就是告訴讀者包括(reviewer)你的文章主要研究?jī)?nèi)容。如果處理不好,reviewer會(huì)提出嚴(yán)厲的建議,比如你沒(méi)有考慮某種可能性,某種研究手段等等。為了減少這種爭(zhēng)論,在前言的結(jié)尾你就要明確提出本文研究的范圍:1)時(shí)間尺度問(wèn)題如果你的問(wèn)題涉及比較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)序,你可以明確地提出本文只關(guān)心這一時(shí)間范圍的問(wèn)題。We preliminarily focus on the older (younger)...或者有兩種時(shí)間尺度的問(wèn)題 (long-term and short term),你可以說(shuō)兩者都重要,但是本文只涉及其中一種2) 研究區(qū)域的問(wèn)題和時(shí)間問(wèn)題一樣,明確提出你只關(guān)心這一地區(qū)d) 最后的原場(chǎng)在前言的最后,還可以總結(jié)性地提出,這一研究對(duì)其它研究的幫助;蛘哒f(shuō),further studies on ... will be summarized in our nextstudy (or elsewhere)總之,其目的就是讓讀者把思路集中到你要討論的問(wèn)題上來(lái)。減少爭(zhēng)論(arguments).關(guān)于詞匯以及常用結(jié)構(gòu),要經(jīng)?偨Y(jié),多讀多模仿才能融會(huì)貫通。-------------------------------------------------------------怎樣提出觀點(diǎn)在提出自己的觀點(diǎn)時(shí),采取什么樣的策略很重要。不合適的句子通常會(huì)遭到reviewer的置疑。1)如果觀點(diǎn)不是這篇文章最新提出的,通常要用We confirm that...2)對(duì)于自己很自信的觀點(diǎn),可用We believe that...3)在更通常的情況下,由數(shù)據(jù)推斷出一定的結(jié)論,用, Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that...4) 在及其特別的情況才可以用We put forward(discover, observe..) .. "for the first time".來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的創(chuàng)新。5) 如果自己對(duì)所提出的觀點(diǎn)不完全肯定,可用We tentatively put forward (interrprete this to..)Or The results may be due to (caused by) attributed torsulted from..Or This is probably a consequence ofIt seems that .. can account for (interpret) this..Or It is pisible that it stem from...---------------------------------------------------------連接詞與邏輯寫(xiě)英文論文最常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)毛病就是文章的邏輯不清楚。解決的方法有:1)句子上下要有連貫,不能讓句子之間獨(dú)立常見(jiàn)的連接詞語(yǔ)有, However, also, in addition,consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore,further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly,Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results,In order to, despite, For example, Compared withother results, thus, therefore...用好這些連接詞,能夠使觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)得有層次,更加明確。比如,如果敘述有時(shí)間順序的事件或者文獻(xiàn),最早的文獻(xiàn)可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下來(lái),可用Then BB further demonstrated that..再接下來(lái),可用Afte【英文科技論文中的語(yǔ)言技巧,不可不看 -文秘文書(shū)】相關(guān)文章:
科技論文英文標(biāo)題制作的技術(shù)規(guī)范 -文秘文書(shū)10-19
英文標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用 -文秘文書(shū)10-27
積累資料的方法 -文秘文書(shū)08-25
選題的重要性 -文秘文書(shū)09-09
擬定結(jié)構(gòu)提綱 -文秘文書(shū)09-09
文秘文書(shū)檔案鑒定工作05-30
校風(fēng)建設(shè)方案 -文秘文書(shū)09-28
怎樣寫(xiě)開(kāi)題報(bào)告 -文秘文書(shū)08-26