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2013考研英語語法講解之非謂語動(dòng)詞
非謂語動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞,主要包括不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞),即動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式。非謂語動(dòng)詞除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外,可以承擔(dān)句子的任何成分。非謂語是考研英語中的常考點(diǎn),嫻熟地掌握它的用法對(duì)于我們來說有著重要的意義。主要從以下幾個(gè)方面來對(duì)它進(jìn)行介紹:一、有的固定動(dòng)詞后面既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞,充當(dāng)賓語的成分,但其表達(dá)的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建議(做某事)
forget to do忘記(要做的`事) remember to do記得(要做某事)
forget doing忘記(已做的事) remember doing記得(已做過的事)
go on to do繼而(做另一件事) stop to do停下來去做另一件事
go on doing繼續(xù)(做原來的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如:I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、不定式的習(xí)慣用法,即他們之間形成一個(gè)固定的搭配。
這樣有兩種大的情形:
1.cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近,即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特點(diǎn)是都有一個(gè)否定詞和but。
比如:I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.
2.be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth.
比如: I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.
對(duì)于以上非謂語的用法,很多都是固定的搭配,提議廣大考生在復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候,把它們背誦下來,滾瓜爛熟,脫口而出,對(duì)于考研肯定有很大的幫助,特別是以上短語在考研寫作中有時(shí)真的是畫龍點(diǎn)睛,給人眼前一亮的感覺。一定要不斷操作,不斷實(shí)踐!
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