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2023考研英語高仿真閱讀
在平凡的學(xué)習(xí)生活中，是不是聽到知識(shí)點(diǎn)，就立刻清醒了？知識(shí)點(diǎn)就是一些�？嫉膬�(nèi)容，或者考試經(jīng)常出題的地方。那么，都有哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)呢？下面是小編為大家整理的2023考研英語高仿真閱讀，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
TEXT ONE
Tesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers ￡270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets and dairy processors may land it with a fine of at least ￡80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury’s and the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fix prices for milk, butter and cheese. They were fined a total of just over ￡116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.
Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company or individual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians and farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.
The average cost to each household is thought to be ￡11.25 over 2002 and 2003. Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter and 15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense for consumers, however, and the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names and that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers For Action, the group of farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim for compensation.
The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons and the dairy group Lactalis McLelland, and any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed.
Tesco was defiant and said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: “As we have always said, we acted independently and we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors and we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers.”
Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former Safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making “strong representations” in its defence. A spokeswoman for Lactalis McLelland said that the company was “co-operating” with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.
Sainsbury’s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay ￡26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised for actions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines and also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.
1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that _____
[A] Tesco is the most resolute among all the retailers to defend its reputation.
[B] it is already proved that Tesco has colluded with Asda, Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company in fixing the dairy price.
[C] Tesco is offered a leniency deal of ￡80 million because of its quick response to the anti-competitive behaviors
[D] Tesco is trying its best to prove its innocence of the scandal.
2. Who is most probably the initiator of the pricing formula?
[A] Retail chains.
[B] Farmers.
[C] Dairy companies.
[D] Politicians
3. The word “defiant” (Line 1, Paragraph 5) most probably means _____.
[A] resisiting
[B] angry
[C] deficient
[D] confident
4. We may infer from Morrisons’ statement that _____
[A] Morrisons turn out to be the most defentive when dealing with OFT.
[B] Morrisons is reluctant to support the inquiries into the former Safeway business.
[C] industry insiders suggest that Morrisons was trying to delay the OFT investigation with non-cooperation.
[D] Morrisons indeed refuses to admit its involvement in the scandal.
5. The writer’s attitude to Tesco can be said to be _____
[A] biased.
[B] objective.
[C] sympathetic.
[D] optimistic.
考研英語重點(diǎn)單詞
1. Patr(I)=father，表示父親
patriarch n 家長(zhǎng);大主教(patri+arch 統(tǒng)治)
patriarchy n 父權(quán)政治(patri+archy)
patron n 幫助人;恩人(像父親一樣的人)
patronize v 贊助;光顧(patron+ize)
patrimony n 家傳，遺產(chǎn)(patri+mony 狀態(tài)或物質(zhì)父親留下的物品遺產(chǎn))
patriot n 愛國者(祖國比喻成父親)
patriotism n 愛國主義(patriot 愛國者+ism)
expatriate v 把逐出國外(ex 出+patri 父親;祖國+ate(逐)出祖國)
repatriate v 把遣返回國(re 重新+patri 祖國+ate重進(jìn)祖國)
2. Ped=foot，表示腳
pedal a 腳的，足的(ped+al)
pedestrian a 步行的n. 步行者(ped+estrian的人用腳走路的人)
biped a 兩足的n. 兩足動(dòng)物(bi 二+ped兩只腳)
quadruped n/a 四足動(dòng)物(的)(quadru 四+ped)
centipede n 蜈蚣(centi 一百+pede一百只腳的動(dòng)物蜈蚣)
expedite v 加快，促進(jìn)(ex 出+ped+ite把腳跨出去加快)
expeditious a 迅速的( expedite+ious)
expedition n 遠(yuǎn)征，探險(xiǎn)(ex 出+ped+ition走出[去]冒險(xiǎn))
impede v 妨礙，阻礙(im 進(jìn)入+pede把腳放進(jìn)去妨礙)
impediment n 阻礙，阻礙物(impede 妨礙+I+ment)
expedient a 方便的;權(quán)宜的(ex 出+ped+ient能把腳跨出去方便的)
podiatrist n 足病醫(yī)生(pod[=ped 腳]+iatrist 專家)
3.ped=child，education,表示兒童，引申為教育
pedology n 兒科學(xué)(ped+o+log 學(xué)科+y)
pediatrist n 兒科醫(yī)生(ped 兒童+iatrist 專家)
pedant n 迂腐的教師，書呆子(ped+ant 人受過教育的人書呆子)
pedantry n 迂腐的，賣弄學(xué)問(pedant+ry)
pedagogy n 教學(xué)法，教育學(xué)(ped+agogy 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)兒童教學(xué)法)
4. Pel，puls= drive，push, 表示驅(qū)動(dòng)，推
appellant a 上訴的n. 上訴人(ap 一再+pel+l+ant一再推動(dòng)的上訴的)
compel v 強(qiáng)迫(com 共同+pel 推一起推強(qiáng)迫)
compeling a 激發(fā)興趣的(compel+l+ing)
expel v 開除，驅(qū)逐(ex 出+pel推出開除)
impel v 推進(jìn)，驅(qū)動(dòng)(im 內(nèi)+pel內(nèi)在推動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng))
dispel v 驅(qū)散(煙霧等)(dis 分開+pel推開驅(qū)散)
propel v 推進(jìn)(pro 向前+pel向前推推進(jìn))
propeller n 推進(jìn)器(propel 推進(jìn)+l+er)
repel v 擊退(敵人)，使反感(re 反+pel推回去擊退)
compulsion n 強(qiáng)制(com 共同+puls+ion共同推強(qiáng)制)
compulsory a 強(qiáng)制性的(com+puls+ory)
expulsion n 驅(qū)逐(ex 出+puls+ion推出去驅(qū)逐)
pulse n 脈搏
pulsate v (脈)搏動(dòng)(puls 脈搏+ate)
impulse n 沖動(dòng)，刺激(im 內(nèi)+pulse內(nèi)在推動(dòng)沖動(dòng))
impulsive a 沖動(dòng)的(impulse+ive)
propulsion n 推進(jìn)(力)(pro 向前+puls+ion推進(jìn);動(dòng)詞;propel)
repulse n 打退，擊退(re 反+pulse;動(dòng)詞：repel)
repulsive a 排斥的，擊退的(repulse+ive)
5. Pen，pun=penalty，表示處懲
penance n 贖罪，自我懲懲(pen+ance)
penal a 刑的，刑懲的(ren+al)
penalty n 懲懲(penal+ty)
penalize v 宣告有罪，處懲(penal+ize)
penitent a 后悔的(penit[=pen 懲懲]，引申為受懲懲而后悔后悔的)
repent v 后悔，懊悔(re 反+pent反進(jìn)來懲懲自己后悔)
punish v 懲懲(pun+ish)
impunity n 不受刑懲，免懲(im 不+pun+ity不受懲懲)
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