考研英語閱讀得分點(diǎn)：首末端首末句

考研英語閱讀文章一般在400～500字左右，如此短的文章中夾雜著生僻的單詞和疑難句，從而使得閱讀工作變得異常困難。如何在一篇閱讀理解中準(zhǔn)確定位命題點(diǎn)、快速搶分呢？考研教育網(wǎng)編輯團(tuán)隊(duì)做如下總結(jié)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助！

首末端首末句

（一）出題人命題思路破解

文章本無意，源自出題人。也就是說，一篇文章包括前期的選取加工處理改造，最后設(shè)計(jì)出題，均源自出題人。文章千奇百怪，形式千變?nèi)f化，但是出題人的出題思路和考查目的卻是萬變不離其宗。因此，學(xué)習(xí)閱讀理解的過程其實(shí)就是破解出題人思路的過程。換位思考尤為重要。也就是說，假如我們自己是出題人，又會(huì)考查學(xué)生什么樣的閱讀能力，然后通過什么形式來考查學(xué)生？

筆者認(rèn)為，閱讀理解最好的訓(xùn)練方法是自己拿一篇文章自己出五個(gè)問題。通過出題就一定可以理解出題人的出題用意和出題思路。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們會(huì)按照以下思路考查學(xué)生。

第一、文章中心思想是什么；第二、文章作者態(tài)度是什么；第三、某一個(gè)單詞、詞組或者句子本身是什么意思；第四、作者說某句話的意思是什么；第五、某一問題出現(xiàn)的原因是什么；第六、作者列舉某一例子的目的是什么或者為了說明什么問題；第七、從某一段落或文章中能推斷出什么來；第八、下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的或是不正確的；第九、作者的寫作手法是什么；第十、文章節(jié)選于哪里；第十一、文章下文會(huì)繼續(xù)提到什么；第十二、作者暗示什么；第十三、讀懂前后句關(guān)系。

（二）閱讀理解常考點(diǎn)

通過對(duì)歷年來考題的有效解析，我們總結(jié)出以下十個(gè)閱讀理解�？键c(diǎn)：

首末端首末句

（1）文章首段首末句往往出“主旨大意題”。因?yàn)�，英語文章的開始往往會(huì)采取開門見山的形式提出文章的中心思想。有些時(shí)候會(huì)在首段末句出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but、however、yet，則轉(zhuǎn)折后所要表述的內(nèi)容往往是文章的中心思想，因此通常成為出題人出題點(diǎn)。

【真題回放2010-Text1】

Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century， perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

What would be the best title for the text？

[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days

[B] The Lost Horizon in Newspapers

[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism

[D] Prominent Critics in Memory

（2）末端首末句，通常會(huì)對(duì)全文的說明和論證進(jìn)行總結(jié)，由此也會(huì)成為考查點(diǎn)通常會(huì)用一些總括性的標(biāo)志詞如：all in all、in short、to conclude、in consequence、in summary、in a word、as a result、therefore、accordingly、thus等引導(dǎo)。

【真題回放2008-Text2】

① This is now changing. According to the OECD report， some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. ② Entirely new business models are emerging； three main ones were identified by the report's authors. ③ There is the so-called big deal， where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. ④ There is open-access publishing， typically supported by asking the author （or his employer） to pay for the paper to be published. Finally， there are open-access archives， where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. ⑤ Other models exist that are hybrids of these three， such as delayed open-access， where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months， before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. ⑥ All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process， at least for the publication of papers.

30. Which of the following best summarizes the text？

[A] The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.

[B] A new mode of publication is emerging.

[C] Authors welcome the new channel for publication.

[D] Publication is rendered easier by online service.

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