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高考英語(yǔ)名詞的數(shù)講解(2)
4、正確區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞
(1)英語(yǔ)名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?蓴(shù)名詞是表示可以計(jì)數(shù)的人、事物的名詞?蓴(shù)名詞一般有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,有些詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。不可數(shù)名詞是表示不可以計(jì)數(shù)的事物的名詞。不可數(shù)名詞一般不分單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù),也不能直接與 a/an 連用。一般說(shuō)來(lái),個(gè)體名詞是可數(shù)名詞、抽象名詞、物質(zhì)名詞和專有名詞是不可數(shù)名詞;集體名詞根據(jù)情況,有時(shí)用作可數(shù)名詞,有時(shí)用作不可數(shù)名詞。有時(shí)有些物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞也可轉(zhuǎn)用作個(gè)體名詞。
Tables are made of wood.桌子是有木頭做的。
Father went to his doctor for advice about his heart trouble. 爸爸去 找他的醫(yī)生詢問(wèn)他的心臟病的建議。
He gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers. 他靠印刷名 家著作發(fā)了財(cái)。
(2)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞各有其不同的修飾語(yǔ)。
只修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的:如 a/an,one,another,either,neither,every,many a 等。
I don't like this book, give me another one.我不喜歡這本書(shū), 請(qǐng)另外給我一本。
Neither shoe feels comfortable.兩只鞋都感覺(jué)不舒服。
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.[諺] 一天一個(gè)蘋果, 醫(yī)生不上門(比 喻不生病)。
只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的:如 these,those,few,many,a good/great many,a good/great number of, both,several 及二以上的數(shù)詞等。
It is impossible for so few workers to do so much work in a single day. 如此少的人在一天內(nèi)做這么多工作是不可能的。
I'm afraid he did not do very well in the dictation. There were quite a few spelling mistakes in it.恐怕考試他聽(tīng)寫沒(méi)做好,里面有很多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。
Were there many people at the meeting?有很多人到會(huì)嗎?
只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的:如 a little,a bit of,much,a great/good deal of,a great/large/small amount of 等。
There was so much food that we couldn't eat it all. 食物太多了,我們 吃不完。There's a little bit of time left. 只剩一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間了。
既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:the,one's,some,any,no, all,a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large/small quantity of,which, what,other,half,one-third 等
some 在解釋為 “某一”,any 在解釋為” 任何”時(shí)也可修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。this 和that 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞,last,next,the other 和序數(shù)詞只能修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)。
I need a lot of cloth, for I'm going to make many clothes.我需要大量 的布,因?yàn)槲乙龊芏嘁路?/p>
I have some books.我有一些書(shū)。
He has waited some time.他等了一會(huì)兒了。
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