第四部分、用語(yǔ)方面
一、力求嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，明白無(wú)誤：
1、the following documents shall be deemed to form and be read and construed as an integral part of this contract.
下列文件應(yīng)被認(rèn)為、讀作、解釋為本合同的組成部分;
2、this contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties.
本合同只能按照雙方授權(quán)代表簽名蓋章的文件進(jìn)行修改或增補(bǔ);
3、all activities of abc co. shall be governed by the laws, decrees and pertinent rules and regulations of china.
abc公司的一切活動(dòng)必須受中國(guó)的法律、法令和有關(guān)規(guī)章條例的管轄。
二、多用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，少用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：
1、party b is hereby appointed by party a as its exclusive sales agent in singapore. (不宜)
乙方被甲方委托為在新加坡的獨(dú)家銷售代理商;
2、party a hereby appoints party b as its exclusive sales agent in singapore. (適宜)
甲方委托乙方為在新加坡的獨(dú)家銷售代理商;
三、多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，少用將來(lái)時(shí)，盡管很多條款規(guī)定的是合同簽訂以后的事項(xiàng)：
1、licensee may terminate this contract 90 days after a written notice thereof is sent to licensor upon the happening of one
of the following events：
當(dāng)有下列事件之一發(fā)生，被許可人提前90天向許可人發(fā)送書面通知后，可以終止合同：
2、licensor becomes insolvent or a liquidator of licensor is appointed;
許可人無(wú)力償付債務(wù)或其破產(chǎn)清算人以被指定;
3、the patent described in article 2 is not issued within 30 days from signing this contract; and
第二條規(guī)定的專利未在簽約后30天之內(nèi)發(fā)布;
4、licensor fails to perform its obligations under this contract.
許可人未能履行其合同義務(wù)。
四、直接表達(dá)方式用得多，間接表達(dá)方式用的較少：
1、this article does not apply to bondholders who have not been paid in full. (用得少)
本條款不適用于尚未全部?jī)敻兜膫钟姓摺?/p>
2、this article applies only to bondholders who have been paid in full. (用得多)
本條款只適用于已全部?jī)敻兜膫钟姓摺?/p>
五、盡量使用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，避免使用“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”的同意短語(yǔ)：
1、party a shall make an appointment of its representative within 30 days after signing the contract.
甲方應(yīng)于簽約后30天內(nèi)指派其授權(quán)代表。宜用appoint代替 make an appointment of.
2、party a will give consideration to party b’s proposal of exclusive agency.
甲方愿意考慮乙方獨(dú)家代理的建議。宜用consider代替give consideration to.
第五部分、下列特殊用語(yǔ)使用頻繁
一、whereas 鑒于
正式而重要的合同，尤其是英美法系的合同，多用它在前文中引出簽約背景和目的，起連詞作用：
whereas the employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of high-rise residential complex in baghdad, iraq;
鑒于雇主欲請(qǐng)勞動(dòng)力建造伊拉克巴格達(dá)的高層住宅綜合大樓;
whereas the contractor is desirous to provide the manpower for the works;
鑒于承包人想為此工程提供勞動(dòng)力;
二、witness 證明
在合同前文中常用作首句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：
this agreement， made by ……
witnesses
whereas……, it is agreed as follows：
本協(xié)議由……簽訂證明：鑒于……特此達(dá)成協(xié)議如下：
in witness whereof 作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)，該短語(yǔ)常用于合同的結(jié)尾條款：
in witness whereof, the parties have executed this contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written.
作為所協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)，雙方授權(quán)代表于上面首次寫明的日期正式簽訂本協(xié)議一式兩份。
三、in consideration of 以……為約因/報(bào)酬
約因是英美法系的合同有效成立要件之一，沒(méi)有則合同不能依法強(qiáng)制履行。但是，大陸法系的合同則無(wú)此規(guī)定。
now therefore, in consideration of the premises and the covenants herein， contained, the parties hereto agree as follows：
茲以上述各點(diǎn)和契約所載條款為約因，訂約雙方協(xié)議如下：
in consideration of the payment to be made by party a to party b, party b hereby covenants with party a to complete the building in conformity with the provisions of the contract.
乙方特此立約向甲方保證按合同規(guī)定完成工程建設(shè)，以取得甲方所付的報(bào)酬。
四、now，therefore 茲特
此短語(yǔ)用于whereas條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的常用開頭語(yǔ)，并與其后hereby的結(jié)合。如果無(wú)hereas條款，則本短語(yǔ)可省略：
now, therefore, it’s hereby agreed and understood as follows;
茲特協(xié)議和諒解如下：
now these presents witness 茲特立約為據(jù)，本句話也是用于whereas條款之后引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)。
五、presents = the present writings 是主語(yǔ)，witness是謂語(yǔ)：
now these presents witness that it is hereby agreed between the parties hereto as follows：茲特立約為據(jù)，并由訂約雙方協(xié)議如下：
六、in the presence of 見證人
本短語(yǔ)只在有見證人時(shí)使用—在訂約雙方當(dāng)事人簽名的下方由見證人簽名作證，一般是相關(guān)的律師(attorney)或公證處(notary public)：
in the presence of the parties hereto have hereunder set their respective hands and seals：
作為協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)，訂約雙方各自簽名蓋章如下：
第六部分、其他短語(yǔ)
for and on behalf the first party(甲方代表)：
the employer (雇主)…
capacity (職位) …
in the presence of (見證人) …
capacity (職位)…
address (地址)…
for and on behalf of the second party(乙方代表)：
the contractor (承包人) …
capacity (職位)…
in the presence of (見證人) …
capacity (職位)…
address (地址)…