全國(guó)考研英語真題（通用6套）
現(xiàn)如今，我們最熟悉的就是考試真題了，考試真題有助于被考核者了解自己的真實(shí)水平。那么問題來了，一份好的考試真題是什么樣的呢？以下是小編精心整理的全國(guó)考研英語真題（通用6套），僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
全國(guó)考研英語真題 1
I . In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if ed at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET, ( 15 points)
EXAMPLE:
I was caught_the rain yesterday.
A. in B. by C.with D. at
ANSWER: (A)
l . Those two families have been quarrelling __ each other for many years.
A. to B. between C. against D. with
2. There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared ___
A. in B. with C. among D. by
3. "How often have you seen cases like this?" one surgeon asked another. "Oh ,__ times,
I guess, " was the reply.
A. hundred of B . hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred
4. Give me your telephone number __ I need your help.
A. whether B.unless C. so that D. in case
5. You sang well last night. We hope you#39;ll sing __.
A. more better B. still better C. nicely D. best
6. Those people __a general understanding of the present situation.
A. lack of B. are lacking of C. lack D. are in lack
7. Alone in a desert house ,he was so busy with his research work that he felt __lonely.
A. nothing but B. anything but C. all but D. everything but
8. Grace __tears when she heard the sad news.
A. broke in B.broke into C. broke off D.broke through
9. She refused to __the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt .
A. hand in B. hand out C.hand down D. down
10. Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes __to American audiences.
A. around B. over C.across D. down
11. The book contained a large__ of information.
A. deal B. amount C. number D. sum
12 . Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable_ to the total cost of the prod-uct .
A. proportion B. correlation C. connection D. correspondence
13. When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to _ her umbrella.
A. carry B. fetch C. bring D. reach
14. We must _ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.
A. assure . B. secure C. ensure D. issue
15. He was knocked down by a car and badly _
A. injured B. damaged C. harmed D. ruined
全國(guó)考研英語真題 2
As a historian who’s always searching for the text or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past, I’ve become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling (what better way to shatter the image of 19th-century prudery?). I’ve found quite a few, and—since I started posting them on Twitter—they have been causing quite a stir. People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorians had fun and could, and did, laugh. They are noting that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the hundred-or-so years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.
Of course, I need to concede that my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900, ... How do we explain this trend?
During the 1840s and 1850s, in the early days of photography, exposure times were notoriously long: the daguerreotype photographic method (producing an image on a silvered copper plate) could take several minutes to complete, .., and so a non-committal blank stare became the norm.
But exposure times were much quicker by the 1880s, and the introduction of the Box Brownie and other portable cameras meant that, though slow by today’s digital standards, the exposure was almost instantaneous. Spontaneous smiles were relatively easy to capture by the 1890s, so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why Victorians still hesitated to smile.
One explanation might be the loss of dignity displayed through a cheesy grin. “Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth,” ran one popular Victorian saying, alluding to the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene. A flashing set of healthy and clean, regular ‘pearly whites’ was a rare sight in Victorian society, the preserve of the super-rich (and even then, dental hygiene was not guaranteed).
A toothy grin (especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth) lacked class: drunks, tramps and music hall performers might gurn and grin with a smile as wide as Lewis Carroll’s gum-exposing Cheshire Cat, but it was not a becoming look for properly bred persons. Even Mark Twain, a man who enjoyed a hearty laugh, said that when it came to photographic portraits there could be “nothing more damning than a silly, foolish smile fixed forever”.
31. According to Paragraph 1, the author’s posts on Twitter ______.
A. changed people’s impression of the Victorians
B. highlighted social media’s role in Victorian studies
C. re-evaluated the Victorians’ notion of public image
D. illustrated the development of Victorian photography
32. What does the author say about the Victorian portraits he has collected?
A. They are in popular use among historians.
B. They are rare among photographs of that age.
C. They mirror 19th-century social conventions.
D. They show effects of different exposure times.
33. What might have kept the Victorians from smiling for pictures in the 1890s?
A. Their inherent social sensitiveness.
B. Their tension before the camera.
C. Their distrust of new inventions.
D. Their unhealthy dental condition.
34. Mark Twain is quoted to show that the disapproval of smiles in pictures was ______.
A. a deep-rooted belief
B. a misguided attitude
C. a controversial view
D. a thought-provoking idea
35. Which of the following questions does the text answer?
A. Why did most Victorians look stern in photographs?
B. Why did the Victorians start to view photographs?
C. What made photography develop slowly in the Victorian period?
D. How did smiling in photographs become a post-Victorian norm?
31. 【答案】A(changed people’s impression of the Victorians)
【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Paragraph 1和the author’s posts on Twitter定位到第一段②句：I’ve found quite a few, and—since I started posting them on Twitter—they have been causing quite a stir。③句進(jìn)一步解釋stir，即People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorians had fun and could, and did, laugh。A項(xiàng)changed people’s impression of the Victorians是對(duì)該句的概括。所以本題選A。
32. 【答案】B(They are rare among photographs of that age.)
【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞the Victorian portraits he has collected定位到第二段①句中的my collection of ‘Smiling Victorians’ makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900。They are rare among photographs of that age是對(duì)makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between 1840 and 1900的概括總結(jié)。所以本題選B。
33. 【答案】D(Their unhealthy dental condition.)
【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞kept the Victorians from smiling for pictures in the 1890s定位到第四段②句Spontaneous smiles were relatively easy to capture by the 1890s, so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why Victorians still hesitated to smile。該句指出在19世紀(jì)90年代，自然的微笑相對(duì)容易捕捉，因此需要尋找其他的原因。緊接著第五段作出另一種可能的解釋，其中第五段②句中的before the birth of proper dentistry, mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene說明了口腔衛(wèi)生狀況常常令人震驚，導(dǎo)致維多利亞人拍照時(shí)不露齒笑，對(duì)應(yīng)了Their unhealthy dental condition。所以本題選D。
34. 【答案】A(a deep-root belief)
【解析】本題為例證題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Mark Twain定位到第六段②句，該句引用了Mark Twain的具體話語。再向前尋找他所要證明的'觀點(diǎn)，從而定位到第六段①句A toothy grin (especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth) lacked class，即“露齒微笑缺少修養(yǎng)”，這是一種根深蒂固的觀念，對(duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)a deep-root belief。所以本題選A。
35. 【答案】A(Why did most Victorians look stern in photographs?)
【解析】本題為主旨大意題。全文前兩段提出維多利亞時(shí)代人們拍照時(shí)普遍不會(huì)微笑這一現(xiàn)象，接下來第三段至第六段分別從曝光時(shí)間，牙齒健康狀況以及固有觀念這三方面分析現(xiàn)象背后的原因，因此A項(xiàng)Why did most Victorians look stern in photographs?是對(duì)原文主旨的概括。所以本題選A。
全國(guó)考研英語真題 3
1. In that country, guests tend to feel they are not highly if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.
(A) admired (B)regarded (C) expected (D) worshipped
2. A of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.
(A) shorthand (B)scheme (C) schedule (D) sketch
3A man has to make ______for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old .
(A) supply (B) assurance (C) provision (D) adjustment
4.The newly-built Science Building seems _______enough to last a hundred years.
(A) spacious (B) sophisticated (C) substantial (D) steady
5.It is well-known that the retired workers in our country are _________free medical care.
(A) entitled to (B) involved in (C) associated with (D) assigned to
6.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at ______.
(A) danger (B) stake (C) loss (D) threat
7. I felt _________to death because I could make nothing of the chairmans speech.
(A) fatigued (B) tired (C) exhausted (D) bored
8. When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at _____.
(A) wrong (B) trouble (C) fault (D) difficulty
9. Your advice would be ______valuable to him, who is at present at his wits end.
exceedingly (B) excessively (C) extensively (D) exclusively
10. He failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contract, and now he has to ______the consequences.
(A) answer for (B) runsintos(C) abide by (D) stepsintos
11. The river is already _______its banks because of excessive rainfall; and the city is threatened with a likely flood.
(A) parallel to (B) level in (C) flat on (D) flush with
12. People _______that vertical flight transports would carry millions of passengers as do the airliners of today.
(A) convinced (B) anticipated (C) resolved (D) assured
13. In spite of the wide range of reading material specially written or _______ for language learning purposes, there is yet no comprehensive systematic programme for the reading skills.
(A) adapted (B) acknowledged (C) assembled (D) appointed
14.The mother said she would ________her son washing the dishes if he could finish his assignment before supper.
(A) let down (B) let alone (C) let off (D) let out
15.We should always keep in mind that _______decisions often lead to bitter regrets .
(A) urgent (B) hasty (C) instant (D) prompt
16.John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages _______in the dictionary.
(A) missing (B) losing (C) dropping (D) leaking
17. In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women _________this field is climbing.
(A) engaging (B) devoting (C) registering (D) pursuing
18.The supervisor didnt have time so far to gosintosit ________, but he gave us an idea about his plan.
(A) at hand (B) in turn (C) in conclusion (D) at length
19. Their demand for a pay raise has not the slightest________of being met.
(A) prospect (B) prediction (C) prosperity (D) permission
20.Its usually the case that people seldom behave in a _______way when in a furious state.
(A) stable (B) rational (C) legal (D) credible
全國(guó)考研英語真題 4
51. Directions：
Write a letter to a friend of yours to
1）recommend one of your favorite movies and
2）give reasons for your recommendation.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use“Li Ming”instead.
Do not write the address.（10points）
小作文范文
Dear friends，I‘m writing to you to recommend my favorite movie Avatar. It is a very hot movie this year. For starters，its a great story and has a fantastic plot. This film captivated me from beginning to end. The fast-paced，exciting story line kept me on the edge of my seat all the way through. Whats more，the specialeffects are breathtaking. The directing is absolutely neat. And last but not least，its an educational movie. It teaches us about dedication，discipline，loyalty and love. I am sure you will enjoy the movie.
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
52、Direction
Write an essay of 160-200words based on the following drawing .In your essay，you should
1）describe the drawing briefly
2）explain its intended measing and
3）give your comments
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.（20points）
旅途之“余”
What an impressive picture it is！Two young men sitting on the boat are throwing rubbish into the lake，with all kinds of garbage floating on the surface. What is conveyed in the picture is both realistic and thought-provoking.
Clearly，we can deduce from the picture that with the rapid development of economy，tourism as a form of enterprise brings China a lot of benefits，but the environment is being polluted tremendously. In public places people have no awareness that they are doing something damaging the environment，the only environment we have. They cause inconvenience and discomfort to other tourists，and also degrade Chinas image as a nation.
What can we do then？First，I think that government should issue severe regulations，punishing any behavior that damages the environment. Second，the environment protection awareness of the public should be enforced. People should know how closely the clean environment is related to their personal lives. Lets hope we will have a cleaner and more beautiful world in the near future.
分析：
今年考研英語作文的難度略有降低。小作文是歷年來�？嫉男问街弧獣朋w，要求寫一封推薦信。比較熟悉的推薦信是推薦一個(gè)人，本次作文要求推薦一部電影。開頭可以直接寫明是哪部電影，接下來說明這部電影好在哪里，有什么意義等內(nèi)容。最后可以說一下相信對(duì)方一定會(huì)喜歡等內(nèi)容。
大作文涉及的.內(nèi)容也是近年來的熱點(diǎn)話題——環(huán)保問題。圖片描述的內(nèi)容是游人在湖面上亂扔垃圾，導(dǎo)致垃圾在湖面到處漂浮、魚類死亡的現(xiàn)象，反映了人們環(huán)保意識(shí)與公德意識(shí)的缺失，不僅破壞了環(huán)境，也損害了人們的形象。寫作的時(shí)候可以用比較常用的三段式，開頭描述圖片內(nèi)容，然后說明危害，分析原因，最后提出解決方案，表達(dá)愿望等。
全國(guó)考研英語真題 5
推薦：
One of the simplest and best known kinds of crystal is the ionic salt, of which a typical example is sodium chloride, or ordinary table salt. The fundamental components of an ionic salt are ions: atoms or molecules that have become electrically charged by gaining or losing one more electrons. In forming sodium chloride, for example, sodium atoms give up an electron (thereby becoming positively charged) and chlorine atoms gain an electron (thereby becoming negatively charged). The ions are attracted to one another by their opposite charges, and they stack together compactly, like tightly packed spheres.
Recently, scientists at Michigan State University created a new kind of crystal called an electride. In electrides, the anions (negative ions) are completely replaced by electrons, which are trapped in naturally formed cavities within a framework of regularly stacked cations (positive ions). Electrides are the first examples of ionic salts in which all these anionic sites are occupied solely by electrons.
Unlike other types of anions, anionic electrons do not behave as if they were simple charged spheres. In particular, because of their low mass and their tendency to interact with one another over great distances, they cannot be “pinned down” to any one location. Instead, they wander close to and among the atoms lining the cavity and interact with electrons in nearby cavities, perhaps changing places with them.
The properties of an electride depend largely on the distance between the cavities that hold trapped electrons. When the trapped electrons are far apart, they do not interact strongly, and so behave somewhat like an array of isolated negative charges. When they are closer together, they begin to display properties associated with large ensembles of identical particles. When they are still closer, the ensemble properties dominate and the electrons “delocalize”: they are no longer tightly bound within individual cavities but are more or less free to pass through the spaces within the framework of positive ions.
By synthesizing electrides from a variety of materials, one can vary the geometry of the anionic cavities and their relation to the surrounding cations. The resulting properties may make it possible for electrides to become a basis for economically useful new materials and devices. For instance, because the electrons in some electrides are very weakly bound, these crystals could be effective as photosensitive detectors, in which an impinging photon liberates an electron, resulting in a small electric current. The same weak binding could also make electrides useful in solar energy converters and as cathodes in batteries. One obstacle is the tendency of electrides to decompose through reaction with air and water. Researchers are seeking ways to increase their stability.
1. The text is primarily concerned with discussing
[A] a way to isolate electrons.
[B] the characteristics of a new kind of crystal.
[C] the structure of an ionic salt.
[D] commercial uses for electrides.
2. In the first paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with
[A] introducing a variant on the standard atomic theory.
[B] describing how chlorine atoms can become negatively charged.
[C] describing some early research at Michigan State University.
[D] providing background for the technical discussion to follow.
3. According to the text, the defining characteristic of an electride is which of the following?
[A] Its positive are of particularly low mass.
[B] Its ions possess identical electrical charges.
[C] It contains a framework of regularly stacked ions.
[D] Its negative ions consist solely of electrons.
4. It can be inferred from the text that anions behaving as “simple charged spheres” (line 2, paragraph 3) could be expected to
[A] readily lose electrons and become positively charged.
[B] move freely in and out of their cavities.
[C] respond to photons by liberating electrons.
[D] remain fixed relative to their cations.
5. With which of the following statements regarding electrides would the author most likely agree?
[A] They have proven themselves to be of great commercial value.
[B] Their future commercial value is promising but uncertain.
[C] They are interesting but of no practical value.
[D] They have commercial value mainly in solar energy applications.
全國(guó)考研英語真題 6
Historians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for luxury goods and services that took place in eighteenth-century England. McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm’s remarkable success in marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial theater, musical festivals, and children’s toys and books. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: Who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effects of the new demand for luxuries?
An answer to the first of these has been difficult to obtain. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We still need to know how large this consumer market was and how far down the social scale the consumer demand for luxury goods penetrated. With regard to this last question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteenth-century English history, has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general; for example, laboring people in eighteenth-century England readily shifted from home-brewed beer to standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.
To answer the question of why consumers became so eager to buy, some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient answer. Mckendrick favors a Veblem model of conspicuous consumption stimulated by competition for status. The “middling sort” bought goods and services because they wanted to follow fashions set by the rich. Again, we may wonder whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not people enjoy buying things as a form of self-gratification? If so, consumerism could be seen as a product of the rise of new concepts of individualism and materialism, but not necessarily of the frenzy for conshttps://p.9136.com/1wpetition.
Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries? McKendrick claims that it goes a long way toward explaining the coming of the Industrial Revolution. But does it? What, for example, does the production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do with the development of iron manufacture or textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have the psychology and reality of a consumer society without a heavy industrial sector.
That future exploration of these key questions is undoubtedly necessary should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the insatiable demand in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as useful goods and services foreshadows our own world.
1. In the first paragraph, the author mentions McKendrick and Plumb most probably in order to
[A] contrast their views on the subject of luxury consumerism in eighteenth-century England.
[B] indicate the inadequacy of historiographical approaches to eighteenth-century English history.
[C] give examples of historians who have helped to establish the fact of growing consumerism in eighteenth-century England.
[D] support the contention that key questions about eighteenth-century consumerism remain to be answered.
2. Which of the following items, if preserved from eighteenth-century England, would provide an example of the kind of documents mentioned in lines 3-4, paragraph 2?
[A] A written agreement between a supplier of raw materials and a supplier of luxury goods.
[B] A diary that mentions luxury goods and services purchased by its author.
[C] A theater ticket stamped with the date and name of a particular play.
[D] A payroll record from a company that produced luxury goods such as pottery.
3. According to the text, Thompson attributes to laboring people in eighteenth-century England which of the following attitudes toward capitalist consumerism?
[A] Enthusiasm.
[B] Curiosity.
[C] Ambivalence.
[D] Hostility.
4. In the third paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with
[A] contrasting two theses and offering a compromise.
[B] questioning two explanations and proposing a possible alternative to them.
[C] paraphrasing the work of two historians and questioning their assumptions.
[D] examining two theories and endorsing one over the other.
5. According to the text, eighteenth-century England and the contemporary world of the text readers are
[A] dissimilar in the extent to which luxury consumerism could be said to be widespread among the social classes.
[B] dissimilar in their definitions of luxury goods and services.
[C] dissimilar in the extent to which luxury goods could be said to be stimulant of industrial development.
[D] similar in their strong demand for a variety of goods and services.
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