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中考英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)
中考英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)[誤] - Is anybody there?
- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave
[正] - Is everybody there?
- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave
[析]許多學(xué)生在寫作和選擇答語(yǔ)或問(wèn)句時(shí)總要語(yǔ)法在前，而不是習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)在先。所以總是要拘泥疑問(wèn)句中的不定代詞，用anybody。但是Is anybody there?在英語(yǔ)中為：這里有人嗎？而Is everybody there?為：全都到齊了嗎？所以首先要考慮的是其答語(yǔ)。 No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave
[誤] - Your handwriting is very good!
- No, my handwriting is very poor
[正] - Your handwriting is very good!
- Thank you
[析]中國(guó)人遇到別人稱贊，總是以謙遜為美德。但英美人則往往認(rèn)為自信是美德。所以當(dāng)別人夸獎(jiǎng)你或贊美你時(shí)，就應(yīng)說(shuō)： Thank you又比如中國(guó)人見(jiàn)面時(shí)常講Where are you going?或Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人則認(rèn)為你過(guò)多的干預(yù)別人的'私生活了。而他們見(jiàn)面時(shí)往往問(wèn)一些無(wú)關(guān)緊要的話，如： Hello! How are you going? (你過(guò)得怎樣) Morning!等。而good morning和How do you do則被認(rèn)為是較正規(guī)的問(wèn)候語(yǔ)，在日常生活中則十分少見(jiàn)。
[誤] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say: “Excuse me I‘ll go first”
[正] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say: “Excuse me I have to go”
[析]這兩句答語(yǔ)都是正確的，其關(guān)鍵不是語(yǔ)法，而是習(xí)慣問(wèn)題。如果在這樣的場(chǎng)合你講I’ll go first朋友們會(huì)迷惑不解，而I have to go則表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要離去，而你本人則十分不愿做此事。
[誤] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
- I‘d like to, and I’m too busy
[正] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
- I‘d like to, but I’m too busy
[析] I‘m too busy與I’d like to在意義上正好相反。所以要用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。這里考查了對(duì)詞義合乎邏輯的表達(dá)能力。所以要強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，更要強(qiáng)調(diào)在語(yǔ)言的基礎(chǔ)上的詞語(yǔ)辨析。
[誤] - Where‘s Deter
- Deter will come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet
[正] - Where‘s Deter?
- Deter may come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet
[析]由于but所引出的句子可以看出Deter的來(lái)與不來(lái)是十分不確定的，所以應(yīng)用may來(lái)表達(dá)一個(gè)不肯定的事件。
[誤] - Hi, haven‘t seen you for ages! You look fine!
- Great You look well too
[正] - Hi, haven’t seen you for ages! You look fine!
- Thanks You look well too
[析]要注意的是Great在口語(yǔ)中多表示驚嘆，而Thanks則表示感謝對(duì)方的稱贊。所以對(duì)情景談話要有準(zhǔn)確的判定，要根據(jù)情景，身臨其境，上下對(duì)照，周密思考，弄清場(chǎng)合，注意英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，注重語(yǔ)義上的詞語(yǔ)辨析，并要進(jìn)行大量的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐練習(xí)，擴(kuò)大實(shí)際交際能力。
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