民國(guó)狂人劉文典

　　劉文典（1889—1958），原名文聰，字叔雅，筆名劉天民，祖籍安徽懷寧，出生于安徽合肥�，F(xiàn)代杰出的文史大師，�？睂W(xué)大師與研究莊子的專家。歷任北京大學(xué)教授、省立安徽大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)、清華大學(xué)國(guó)文系主任。下面是民國(guó)狂人劉文典，快來(lái)看看吧！

　　民國(guó)狂人劉文典

　　作者：康莊

　　提起莊子，無(wú)人不知。莊子被稱為神人。神人，自然非一般人所能懂。然而民國(guó)時(shí)期的大學(xué)問(wèn)家劉文典卻稱自己懂，他曾稱：“古今以來(lái)，真懂《莊子》者，兩個(gè)半人而已。第一個(gè)是我劉文典，第二個(gè)是莊周，另外半個(gè)嘛…，還不曉得！”此等狂傲，世間罕見(jiàn)。

　　劉文典的狂，在民國(guó)就已經(jīng)是人盡皆知的事。最著名的就是劉文典跟蔣介石對(duì)罵的事跡。據(jù)歷史資料記載，當(dāng)時(shí)二人正在為學(xué)生沖突的事情進(jìn)行協(xié)商。結(jié)果學(xué)生沖突的事還沒(méi)談好，兩個(gè)人倒是差點(diǎn)打起架來(lái)了。兩人沖突時(shí)的對(duì)話有兩個(gè)版本。一是蔣介石罵劉文典是土豪劣紳，而劉文典則反擊說(shuō)蔣介石是新軍閥！劉文典這句話可以說(shuō)是碰到蔣介石的底線了。另一版本則是蔣介石搬出了孫中山來(lái)壓劉文典，劉文典則罵蔣介石說(shuō)自己跟孫中山鬧革命的時(shí)候，根本不知道蔣介石是什么東西！這樣狂的人，蔣介石自然是無(wú)法容忍的。別說(shuō)蔣介石了，就是圣人在場(chǎng)，說(shuō)不定也得給他一耳刮子。結(jié)果可想而知，劉文典被抓起來(lái)關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。貌似蔣介石贏了，其實(shí)劉文典才是贏家。這件事被當(dāng)時(shí)的文壇津津樂(lè)道，胡適，魯迅都曾撰文提過(guò)這事。劉文典也因此名聲大噪。這狂，真是狂出品牌，狂出風(fēng)骨來(lái)了。

　　劉文典一生潛心于研究古典文學(xué)，所以非常瞧不起搞新文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的人。曾有人問(wèn)他知不知道巴金是誰(shuí)。巴金在當(dāng)時(shí)因?yàn)榧ち魅�部曲已�?jīng)成為文壇大咖，劉文典明明知道，卻故意說(shuō)不認(rèn)識(shí)。對(duì)于朱自清，沈從文這些人，劉文典更是不把他們當(dāng)人看。他曾說(shuō)：“陳寅恪才是真正的教授，他該拿四百塊錢，我該拿四十塊錢，朱自清該拿四塊錢�？晌也唤o沈從文四毛錢！他要是教授，那我是什么？”在西聯(lián)大的時(shí)候，有一次為了躲避空襲，劉文典和學(xué)生攙扶著陳寅恪逃跑，這時(shí)候沈從文剛好從劉文典身邊擦身而過(guò)，劉文典一看他嘴賤的毛病就犯了，對(duì)旁邊的學(xué)生說(shuō)道；“陳寅恪跑是為了保存國(guó)粹，我跑是為了莊子，你們跑是為了未來(lái)，沈從文替誰(shuí)跑？”可憐沈從文遇到了這么個(gè)狂人，真是躲都躲不起，只能是睜一只眼閉一只眼了。

　　劉文典講元好問(wèn)，吳梅詩(shī)的詩(shī)時(shí)，更是直言這兩人的詩(shī)比不上自己。要知道，元好問(wèn)是金末明初的文壇盟主，一代文宗。元好問(wèn)的那句“問(wèn)世間情為何物，直教人生死相許”更是成了千古絕唱。吳梅村則是明末清初的著名詩(shī)人，與錢謙益，龔鼎孳合稱“江左三大家”�？墒莿⑽牡湟矝](méi)把這兩人放在眼里�？梢�(jiàn)劉文典的狂，已經(jīng)狂的古人都不放在眼里了。

　　不過(guò)劉文典這人雖然狂，卻是有狂的資本的。據(jù)說(shuō)他在大學(xué)授課，講課的內(nèi)容從中國(guó)的先秦到近現(xiàn)代，從希臘，印度，德國(guó)到日本，幾乎達(dá)到了無(wú)所不知的地步。尤其是對(duì)《莊子》的研究，更是被當(dāng)時(shí)的文壇認(rèn)為天下第一。劉文典講課的時(shí)候，甚至大名士吳宓也得畢恭畢敬的聽(tīng)著。其學(xué)問(wèn)之高可見(jiàn)一斑。而且劉文典的狂并不是對(duì)每個(gè)人都是如此的。他對(duì)陳寅恪就從來(lái)都是畢恭畢敬，引為上賓。之所以這樣都是因?yàn)樗�認(rèn)為陳寅恪學(xué)問(wèn)比他高�？梢�(jiàn)狂生劉文典的狂，只對(duì)那些他認(rèn)為不如他的人。只是，在這個(gè)狂生眼里，世間又有幾個(gè)人學(xué)問(wèn)比他高？

　　怕只能是這么說(shuō)了：“古今以來(lái)，學(xué)問(wèn)勝我劉文典者，一個(gè)半人而已。一個(gè)人是陳寅恪，另外半個(gè)嘛……，還不曉得！”

　　Mention zhuang zi, no one know. Chuang tzu is known as the man of god. The man of god, nature is not ordinary people can

　　understand. During the period of the republic of Chinas great scholars Liu Wendian, however, said he understand, he once said: " since the ancient and modern, really understand zhuangzi, two and a half people.  The first is my Liu Wendian, the second is the ZhuangZhou, another half…, also dont know!" This proud, given the rare thing in the world.

　　Liu Wendian crazy, in the republic of China was already known. One of the most famous is the story of Liu Wendian with allegations of Chiang kai-shek. According to historical records, when two people are conflict for the students. Results students conflict matter didnt talk about good, two peoples nearly came to blows. Two people conflict when there are two versions of the conversation. One is called Liu Wendian Chiang kai-shek is the local tyrants and evil gentry, whereas Liu Wendian countered that Chiang kai-shek is the new warlord!Liu Wendian this sentence can be said to be met with Chiang kai-sheks bottom line. Another version is out of the sun to Chiang kai-shek Liu Wendian, Liu Wendian scold Chiang said her with sun yat-sen, revolting, dont know what Chiang kai-shek is at all!Such a crazy person, Chiang kai-shek nature is intolerable. Dont say, Chiang kai-shek was a saint is present, perhaps also have to give him a face twice. Can imagine as a result, Liu Wendian was caught up and put in prison. Chiang kai-shek appeared to be won, actually Liu Wendian is the winner. It was the time of the literary world, hu shi, lu xun had article mentioned this matter. Hence the famous Liu Wendian. This crazy, really freak out brand, crazy out of character.

　　Liu Wendian life involve studying classical literature, so very contemptuous of people make new literature creation. Once someone asked him know not to know who is ba jin. Ba jin in the literary world has become a large coffee.  Because the torrent trilogy Liu Wendian clearly know, deliberately said dont know. These people for zhu zi-qing, shen congwen Liu Wendian but not when people look at them. He said: " professor Chen yinque is real, he should get four hundred dollars, I should get forty dollars, zhu zi-qing should get four dollars.  But I dont give shen congwen four cents! If he, a professor at that what am I?" In the west of the general assembly, in order to avoid air strikes, once Liu Wendian and students with help Chen yinque escape, then shen just passing from Liu Wendian, Liu Wendian fault with a look at his mouth base is made, the next to the students said; " Chen yinque is run in order to save the quintessence, I ran to zhuang zi, you run to the future, shen who runs?" Poor shen met such a madman, is away from is not, can be to turn a blind eye.

　　Liu Wendian YuanHaoWen, Wu Meishi poetry, it is the truth these two poems than yourself. Want to know, YuanHaoWen is gold of Ming dynasty literary world champions, generation of literate admired. YuanHaoWen the sentence " what is a love between the advent, straight teach as strong as death" song has become eternal. Wu meicun between Ming dynasty and early qing was a famous poet, and Qian Qianyi Gong Dingzi called " jiang left three people" . But Liu Wendian also didnt put the two mens eyes. Visible Liu Wendian crazy, have crazy of the ancients is not in the eyes.

　　But Liu Wendian although this man crazy, is the capital. It is said that he taught at the university, the content of the lectures from the pre-qin to the modern China, from Greece, India, Germany to Japan, almost no know. Especially the study of zhuangzi, was the first literary world at that time that day. Liu Wendian lectures, even big Wu Mi must listen respectfully. Its high learning. And Liu Wendian crazy is not for everyone. He has always been respectful to Chen yinque, guide for the guest. This is because he thinks Chen yinque learning taller than him. Visible at Liu Wendian crazy, only for the people who he thought as he. Just, in this crazy eyes, the world and there are a few people learning taller than him?

　　Fear can be so said: " since the ancient and modern, learning Liu Wendian me, one and a half.  One is Chen yinque, another half…, also dont know!"

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